Abstract
In the late 1990s, central Tokyo began experiencing population recovery, and this trend has continued to the present day. When the population increase during the 2000s is divided into social and natural increases, it can be seen that, during the early 2000s, social increase surpassed natural increase, but in the late 2000s, natural increase grew significantly. An analysis of in-migrants by age group, based on the cohort-change rate method, showed that many incomers were those in their 20s–40s with high fertility, suggesting that the natural increase of the late 2000s was driven by families that moved to the central area and had children. A time use survey of house-wives living in the central area also showed some of the differences between central-city life and suburban life. Central-city residents, as seen from their time use, are characterized by the fact that working wives work longer hours than those in the suburbs. This difference is a result of the greater availability of various employment opportunities, including full-time employment, compared to the suburbs. Also notable is that the percentage of husbands who share housework increased for those living in the central city, as working wives attempt to balance work with housework and childcare under severe time constraints.
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Notes
- 1.
Third place and below are as follows (in order of ranking): Koto Ward (19.9 children), Inagi City (19.5 children), Shinagawa Ward (19.2 children), Chiyoda Ward (18.5 children), Fuchu City (18.3 children), Edogawa Ward (18.3 children), Koganei City (18.1 children), and Arakawa Ward (18.0 children).
- 2.
Sub-regional data were not retabulated after the industry and occupation classifications were changed in the census. Therefore, I was unable to calculate the rate of increase by industry. Regarding occupation, I calculated the rate of increase for 2005–2010 by combining the re-vised categories (the transportation and communication jobs, and the manufacturing jobs).
- 3.
- 4.
The work of Kukimoto and Koizumi (2013) serves as a useful reference on the use of nursery schools.
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Acknowledgments
The figures were prepared using the free GIS software MANDARA. The survey that became the basis of this chapter was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 23720407 and 24242034, as well as by the FUKUTAKE Science & Culture Foundation History and Geography Research Grant.
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Yabe, N. (2018). Central Tokyo as a Place for Raising Children While Working. In: Kikuchi, T., Sugai, T. (eds) Tokyo as a Global City. International Perspectives in Geography, vol 8. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7638-1_10
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