Abstract
To get rid of the danger of radio-toxicity of the radioactive nuclear waste, there can be several methods including reposition underground or in the space. For sending to the space, even the concept of Lagrangian points is under serious consideration. But all such reposition possibilities are not energy effective solutions because the waste contains a big amount of fissionable material also along with the fertile material that can be used for energy production. As a solution and from the point of reutilization of a bigger part of the unspent nuclear fuel (UNF), its reprocessing and transmutation are the most attractive solutions. However, there will always be a requirement of a solution where reprocessing is not necessary.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wallenius, J.: Transmutation of Nuclear Waste Reactor Physics. KTH, http://www.neutron.kth.se/courses/Transmutation.shtml and http://www.acsept.org/AIWOpdf/AIWO1-02-Wallenius.pdf
Development of reprocessing technologies. https://www.iaea.org/About/Policy/GC/GC52/GC52InfDocuments/English/gc52inf-3-att4_en.pdf
Kumar V. et al.: Study of Spent Fuel Management by Transmutation in an Accelerator Driven Sub critical System, EPE 2014, Brno Czech Republic, p 681, published as 978-1-4799-3807-0/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE
Kumar, V., Kumawat, H., Sharma, M.: Role of (n, xn) Reactions in ADS, IAEA-Benchmark and the Dubna CASCADE Code. Pramana: J. Phys. 68, 315 (2007)
Junghans, A.R.: Transmutation of high-level radioactive waste: basics, methods, perspectives. In: Proceedings of Erinda-2 Colloquium, Dresden-Rossendorf, Germany (2013)
Kumar, V., et al.: A review of nuclear waste transmutation using accelerator beams up to several GeV: Talk delivered at 17th International Scientific Conference on EPE-2016, Praha (Czech Rep.) published as 978-1-5090-0908-4/16/IEEE (2016)
Sharma, M.: Ph.D. Thesis-Transmutation of Long-lived Isotopes of Conventional Reactors Using A.D.S. Concept. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, p. 177 (2010)
Adam, J. et al.: JINR Preprint P10-2000-28 (in Russian)
Adam, J., et al.: Transmutation of 129I, 237Np, 238Pu, 239Pu, and 241Am using neutrons produced in target-blanket system ‘Energy plus Transmutation’ by relativistic protons. Pramana-J. Phys. 68, 201 (2007)
Adam, J., et al.: A Study of reaction rates of (n, f), (n, γ) and (n, 2n) reactions in natU and 232Th by the neutron fluence produced in the graphite set-up (GAMMA-3) irradiated by 2.33 GeV deuteron beam. Eur. Phys. J. A 47, 85 (2011)
Abanades, A., et al.: Results from the TARC Experiment: Spallation Neutron Phenomenology in Lead and Neutron-Driven Nuclear Transmutation by Adiabatic Resonance Crossing, Nucl. Instr. Methods A478, 577 (2002)
Van Atta, C.M., Lee, J.D., Heckrotte, W.: The electronuclear conversion of fertile to fissile material. UCRL 52144 (October 1976)
Turner, J.E.: Atoms, Radiation and Radiation Protection, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York (2007)
Bowman, C.D., et al.: Nuclear energy generation and waste transmutation using an accelerator-driven intense thermal neutron source. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A 320, 336–367 (1992)
Bhatia, C., Kumar, V.: Role of (n, xn) Reactions in Accelerator Driven Sub Critical Systems. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing (2011)
Thorium fuel cycle-Potential benefits & challenges. IAEA (May 2005), IAEA-TECDOC-1450, http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/TE_1450_web.pdf
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
5.1 Electronic Supplementary Material
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Verma, V.K., Katovsky, K. (2019). Transmutation of Spent Nuclear Fuel and Extension of a Fuel Cycle. In: Spent Nuclear Fuel and Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Systems. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7503-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7503-2_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-7502-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-7503-2
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)