Abstract
The manufacturing of dipped products in Sri Lanka is a growing industry which uses concentrated latex for manufacturing. Sludge from treatment plants of dipped products manufacturing companies is an inevitable solid waste resulting from various stages of concentrated latex processing and treatments that are dumped into landfilling sites which requires a suitable disposal method. The most common techniques of handling sludge are dewatering, disposal in landfills, incineration and application on agricultural lands. Main objective of the study is to conduct an analysis of the composition of seven different types of sludge collected from four dipped products manufacturing factories in Sri Lanka. Other objectives of the study are to identify the associated environmental impacts of present heavy metals in sludge through comparisons based on Sri Lanka Standards 1246:2003 for composting. Collected sludge samples were analysed for selected cations: copper, tin, iron, sodium, magnesium, manganese, potassium, calcium, lead, zinc, nickel, chromium and cadmium. As chemical parameters, phosphate, organic carbon, nitrogen, pH and EC and, as physical parameters, specific gravity, total, volatile and fixed solid content were tested. The data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey pairwise comparison tests or by Kruskal–Wallis test. According to the results obtained for the chemical analysis, pH of all the sludge types ranged within SL Standards for composting. Total nitrogen content, available phosphorous and organic carbon contents vary above and below the required minimum for standards. In the heavy metal analysis, Zn and Ni were recorded above the maximum permissible level of SLS and CCME standards, and also, Fe was found in comparatively high concentrations. The results of sludge analysed from four different factories in dipped products manufacturing industry can vary based on the manufacturing process, wastewater treatment process and also with time.
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Livera, R.L.C., Bandara, N.J.G.J. (2019). Analysis of Composition and Associated Environmental Impacts of Sludge Generated from Dipped Products Manufacturing Industry in Sri Lanka. In: Ghosh, S. (eds) Waste Management and Resource Efficiency. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7290-1_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7290-1_4
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