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Screening and Characterization of Pyrene-Degrading Bacterium from Oil-Contaminated Sites Around Chandigarh

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Waste Management and Resource Efficiency

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Abstract

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds with two or more conjoined benzene rings having low solubility in water. They are widely distributed contaminants that have detrimental biological effects, toxicity and carcinogenicity. PAHs persist in the environment for many years because of their hydrophobicity and adsorption to solid particles. Their occurrence in the environment is largely a result of anthropogenic emissions such as incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, accidental oil spills, motor vehicles, waste incineration, pipe leakages. Due to their ubiquitous occurrence, bioaccumulation potential, recalcitrance, carcinogenic and mutagenic activity, the PAHs have aroused significant environmental concern. In the present study, isolates capable of utilizing pyrene at higher concentrations were screened and one strain found to have good growth at 20 mg/L was identified on the basis of its morphology and biochemical characteristics. The isolate was gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacteria. At its optimized conditions (pH 7, temperature 30 °C), the novel strain Acinetobacter sp. Nfl showed good ability to degrade pyrene (84.6%), after 30 days of incubation in minimal medium, as determined by gas chromatography. Strains belonging to the genus of Acinetobacter are least studied for degrading polyaromatic hydrocarbons, but they showed ability to degrade HMW-PAHs with high efficiency. These findings indicate a great potential of these species for oil pollutants degradation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Branch, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Bulbul Gupta, Sanjeev Puri & Jaspreet Kaur

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  1. Bulbul Gupta
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  2. Sanjeev Puri
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  3. Jaspreet Kaur
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Correspondence to Jaspreet Kaur .

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Sadhan Kumar Ghosh

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Gupta, B., Puri, S., Kaur, J. (2019). Screening and Characterization of Pyrene-Degrading Bacterium from Oil-Contaminated Sites Around Chandigarh. In: Ghosh, S. (eds) Waste Management and Resource Efficiency. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7290-1_37

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