A Review of Vehicular Pollution and Control Measures in India

Abstract

The world is confronting a genuine and serious challenge because of rapid change in its climate and ecosystem. This change is happening because of the various human activities such as deforestation, engine exhaust, air pollution produced by industries and smouldering of fossil fuels, water pollution caused by dumping industrial waste into water bodies, rapid industrialization growth, sharp increasing traffic, degradation of natural sources, etc. In spite of deteriorating ecosystem, this humongous threat has an adverse impact on human life. As the population is on the rise day by day, the quantity of vehicles keeps on increasing, leading to increased emissions. Vehicles are presently turning into fundamental wellsprings of air contamination in suburban India. These vehicles are powered by the variety of fuels such as petrol, diesel, gasoline and CNG all resulting in emission of CO_2, greenhouse gases and hazardous pollutants at different concentrations. These pollutants are directly affecting human’s life in terms of personal discomfort, loss of productivity, stress, headache and other serious health issues affecting skin, cardiovascular system, nervous system, respiratory system, and directly or indirectly these contaminates are responsible for climate change, global warming and natural calamities. All these circumstances show that air contamination is a serious environmental issue, and there is an essential need to control it. This paper is intended to survey the rise in vehicular contaminants in India and its adverse effects on human’s life and control measures.