Skip to main content

Bat Algorithm Based Low Power Mapping Methods for 3D Network-on-Chips

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Theoretical Computer Science (NCTCS 2017)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 768))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Mapping a task graph as a distribution of Intellectual Property (IP) cores onto a Network-on-Chip (NoC) is a NP-hard problem that significantly affects the performance metrics of the whole system including power, delay, load balance and heat. Intelligence optimization algorithms are widely used to solve mapping problems. Bat Algorithm (BA), a novel metaheuristic algorithm mimicking hunting behaviors of bats, which has never been applied in NoCs, is used in low power mapping methods for 3D NoCs in this paper for the first time. The BA based mapping algorithm shows better performance than other mainstream mapping algorithms in terms of the optimization efficiency and power consumption. However, the concept of the basic BA has obvious disadvantages. To improve the basic BA, we propose a Group-Searching Bat Algorithm (GSBA) that can better utilize individual bats. This improved mapping algorithm performs much better than the traditional BA, especially when the scale of the application graph is large.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Benini, L., De Micheli, G.: Networks on chips: a new SoC paradigm. Computer 35(1), 70–78 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ogras, U.Y., Hu, J., Marculescu, R.: Key research problems in NoC design: a holistic perspective. In: Proceedings of CODES+ISSS, Jersey City, NJ, pp. 69–74, September 2005

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hu, J., Marculescu, R.: Energy- and performance-aware mapping for regular NoC architectures. IEEE Trans. Comput. Aided Des. Integr. Circ. Syst. 24(4), 551–562 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Huang, C., Zhang, D.K., Song, G.Z.: Survey on mapping algorithm of three-dimensional network on chip. J. Chin. Comput. Syst. 37(2), 193–201 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Yang, X.S.: A new metaheuristic bat-inspired algorithm. In: González, J.R., et al. (eds.) Nature Inspired Cooperative Strategies for Optimization (NISCO 2010). SCI, vol. 284, pp. 65–74. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Wang, X.H., Liu, P., Yang, M., Palesi, M., Jiang, Y.T., Huang, M.C.: Energy efficient run-time incremental mapping for 3-D networks-on-chip. J. Comput. Sci. Technol. 28(1), 54–71 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yang, X.S., Gandomi, A.H.: Bat algorithm: a novel approach for global engineering optimization. Eng. Comput. 29(5), 464–483 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wang, G.G., Guo, L.H., Duan, H., Liu, L., Wang, H.Q.: A bat algorithm with mutation for UCAV path planning. Sci. World J. (2012). Article ID 418946

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bahman, B.F., Rasoul, A.A.: Optimal sizing of battery energy storage for micro-grid operation management using a new improved bat algorithm. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. 56(3), 42–54 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Osaba, E., et al.: An improved discrete bat algorithm for symmetric and asymmetric traveling salesman problems. Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell. 48(C), 59–71 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Tangherloni, A., Nobile, M.S., Cazzaniga, P.: GPU-powered bat algorithm for the parameter estimation of biochemical kinetic values. In: IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (CIBCB 2016), Chiang Mai, Thailand, October 2016

    Google Scholar 

  12. Zhang, D.K., Huang, C., Song, G.Z.: Survey on three-dimensional network-on-chip. J. Softw. 27(1), 155–187 (2016)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Black, B., Annavaram, M., Brekelbaum, N., DeVale, J., Jiang, L., Loh, G.H. et al.: Die stacking (3D) microarchitecture. In: IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, pp. 469–479. IEEE Xplore (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Addo-Quaye, C.: Thermal-aware mapping and placement for 3-D NoC designs. In: Proceedings of IEEE International SOC Conference, pp. 25–28. IEEE Xplore (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Yang, W., Zhang, Z., Liu, Y.J.: Improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based mapping algorithm for 3D-Mesh CMP. Appl. Res. Comput. 30(5), 1345–1348 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Jheng, K.Y., Chao, C.H., Wang, H.Y., Wu, A.Y.: Traffic-thermal mutual-coupling co-simulation platform for three-dimensional network-on-chip. In: International Symposium on VLSI Design Automation and Test, vol. 54, pp. 135–138. IEEE Explore (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Fister, Jr., I., Fong, S., Brest, J., Fister, I.: A novel hybrid self-adaptive bat algorithm. Sci. World J. (2014). Article ID 709738

    Google Scholar 

  18. Zhao, D.S., He, Y.Z.: A novel binary bat algorithm with chaos and doppler effect in echoes for analog fault diagnosis. Analog Integr. Circ. Sig. Process 87(3), 437–450 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Xue, F.: Research and application of heuristic intelligence optimization based on bat algorithm. Doctoral Dissertation, Beijing University of Technology (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Dick, R.P., Rhodes, D.L., Wolf, W.: TGFF: task graphs for free. In: Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Workshop on Hardware/Software Codesign (CODES/CASHE 1998), pp. 97–101 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Tornero, R., Sterrantino, V., Palesi, M., Orduna, J.M.: A multi-objective strategy for concurrent mapping and routing in networks on chip. In: IEEE International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS), Rome, Italy, May. 2009

    Google Scholar 

  22. Yang, X.S.: Bat algorithm for multi-objective optimisation. Int. J. Bio Inspir. Comput. 3(5), 267–274 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors were support by National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates No. 201710058042 and 201710058009. We thank the anonymous reviewers for commenting on this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guozhi Song .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Cite this paper

Li, J. et al. (2017). Bat Algorithm Based Low Power Mapping Methods for 3D Network-on-Chips. In: Du, D., Li, L., Zhu, E., He, K. (eds) Theoretical Computer Science. NCTCS 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 768. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6893-5_21

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6893-5_21

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6892-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-6893-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics