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Epithelial Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Disease

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Mitochondrial DNA and Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1038))

Abstract

Since the twentieth century, scientists have studied the functions and mechanisms of the mitochondria. The mitochondrion plays many important roles in cell functioning and contributes to apoptosis, embryonic and tissue development, aging, etc. Consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction often has a direct impact on health such as aging, tumorigenesis, lung injury and COPD, etc. Recent evidence indicates that the mitochondria could also be a crucial contributor to immunity with functions such as biogenesis, fusion, and fission impacting various areas in initializing immunity. In this review, we will describe both the structure and various functions of the mitochondria with an emphasis on functions such ATP production which is crucial for a multitude of processes such as apoptosis, biosynthesis of Fe/S clusters, steroid synthesis, and, more fundamentally, cell survival. In addition, this review aims to investigate the relationship of epithelial mitochondria and lung disease. Cigarette smoke is known to induce structural and functional mutations in airway epithelial mitochondria often acting as an indicator for diseases such as COPD. Further evidence to support this speculation is the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cigarette smoke which is a factor in the development of COPD.

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by Zhongshan Distinguished Professor Grant (XDW), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (91230204, 81270099, 81320108001, 81270131, 81300010), the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology (12JC1402200, 12431900207, 11410708600, 14431905100), the operation funding of Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, the Ministry of Education for Academic Special Science and Research Foundation for PhD Education (20130071110043), and the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0902400, 2017YFSF090207).

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  1. Linlin Zhang, William Wang and Bijun Zhu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China

    Linlin Zhang, William Wang, Bijun Zhu & Xiangdong Wang

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  1. Linlin Zhang
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  2. William Wang
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  4. Xiangdong Wang
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Correspondence to Xiangdong Wang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolomics, Jinzhou Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China

    Hongzhi Sun

  2. Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China

    Xiangdong Wang

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Zhang, L., Wang, W., Zhu, B., Wang, X. (2017). Epithelial Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lung Disease. In: Sun, H., Wang, X. (eds) Mitochondrial DNA and Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1038. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6674-0_14

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