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War: The University in Suspended Animation

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130 Years of Medicine in Hong Kong
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Abstract

As soon as the Japanese invasion began, the university halted its operations. During the following three years and eight months, Japan occupied Hong Kong. With the exception of a few who managed to flee Hong Kong, most educators who were nationals of countries at war with Japan were kept in internment camps. The bulk of the students fled across the border into China, where medical students generally were able to continue their studies, assisted by two HKU professors, Gordon King and Lindsay Ride. The General Medical Council in London agreed to recognize their medical credentials if they had spent at least two years at Hong Kong University. Many students underwent great privation during their years in the mainland but the result was that, during the postwar medical rehabilitation period, Hong Kong had the benefit of their medical expertise. The university, too, formally reopened its doors in 1948 but the British government only agreed to the institution’s return to its prewar scale.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Cited by Edwin Ride in BAAG: Hong Kong Resistance, 1942–1945 (Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1981). p. 5.

  2. 2.

    Footprints: The Memoirs of Sir Selwyn Selwyn-Clarke, (Hong Kong: Sino-American Publishing Co., 1975), 186.

  3. 3.

    Ibid.

  4. 4.

    Gordon King speech at 84th Congregation in 1973.

  5. 5.

    BAAG p. 3

  6. 6.

    HKU, Internment Period Records, Senate minutes, 23 February 1942.

  7. 7.

    HKU, Internment Period Records, Senate minutes January 1, 1942.

  8. 8.

    “Brief Report on Condition Prevailing in Hong Kong During the Period 25th December 1941 to 17th February 1942” by Gordon King . Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 20.

  9. 9.

    The Hong Kong News, 23 March 1942.

  10. 10.

    HKU, Internment Period Records, Senate minutes, 23 January 1942.

  11. 11.

    “BAAG: Hong Kong Resistance, 1942-1945,” by Edwin Ride (Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1981).

  12. 12.

    “Brief Report” by Gordon King .

  13. 13.

    Ibid.

  14. 14.

    Li Shu-Fan , Hong Kong Surgeon (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1964), 143.

  15. 15.

    BAAG, 165.

  16. 16.

    BAAG, 149.

  17. 17.

    BAAG, 180.

  18. 18.

    Minutes of University Senate, 23 February 1942. Hong Kong University Archives. Internment Period Records, 1942–1945.

  19. 19.

    Ibid.

  20. 20.

    Ibid.

  21. 21.

    “The University,” article in the Hong Kong News. Hong Kong University Archives. Internment Period Records, 1942–1945.

  22. 22.

    Hong Kong University Archives. First Report on Hong Kong University Relief Work During the Period 24 April to 30 June 1942. Gordon King Papers. Folder 20.

  23. 23.

    King, Gordon , “An Episode in the History of the University,” in Dispersal and Renewal: Hong Kong University During the War Years, edited by Clifford Matthews and Oswald Cheung (Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong Press, 1998).

  24. 24.

    Ibid.

  25. 25.

    Gordon King assurance from Education Minister Chen Li-fu in King’s Second Report on Hong Kong University Relief Work 24 April to 15 October 1942. Hong Kong University Archives, Gordon King Papers. Folder 20.

  26. 26.

    Hong Kong University Archives. Second Report on Hong Kong University Relief Work 24th April to 15 October 1942. Gordon King Papers. Folder 20.

  27. 27.

    Report No. 3. Hong Kong University Relief Work During the Period 16 October 1942 to 31 December 1943. Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 20.

  28. 28.

    Gordon King to General Medical Council , 31 December 1942. Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers.

  29. 29.

    A Scheme for a Suggested Course in Pharmacy at Hong Kong University, Hong Kong University Archives. Internment Period Records, 28 January 1943.

  30. 30.

    Covering letter to Sir Horace, 10 February 1944, with attached memorandum. Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers.

  31. 31.

    Table: Distribution of 243 students in Free China as of 1 January 1944, Hong Kong University Archives, Gordon King Papers. Folder 15.

  32. 32.

    Gittins, Jean. “Stanley: Behind Barbed Wire.” In Dispersal and Renewal: Hong Kong University During the War Years, edited by Clifford Matthews and Oswald Cheung (Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong Press, 1998).

  33. 33.

    University of Hong Kong Archives. Internment Period Records. Minutes of Senate meeting, 30 November 1944.

  34. 34.

    University of Hong Kong Archives. Interim Period Minutes. Senate meeting 15 September 1945.

  35. 35.

    Farewell Message: Head of University Takes Leave of Students.’ South China Morning Post, 18 September 1945.

  36. 36.

    Memorandum on Reconstitution of the University of Hong Kong.’ Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon Kng Papers. Folder 20.

  37. 37.

    Special Course commences for Hong Kong University Medical Students of Medicine, Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 4. 3 January 1946.

  38. 38.

    ‘University Committee.’ Hong Kong Sunday Herald, 24 February 1946.

  39. 39.

    Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 3. Minutes of the First Meeting of the University of Hong Kong Medical Degrees Emergency Committee.

  40. 40.

    Minutes of the second meeting of the University of Hong Kong Medical Degrees Emergency Committee, 28 February 1946. University of Hong Kong Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 3.

  41. 41.

    Gordon King Presentation at the 84th Congregation (1973).

  42. 42.

    Gordon King letter to R.K. Simpson, 22 July 1946. Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers.

  43. 43.

    Gordon King Memorandum, 30 April 1949. Hong Kong University Archives. Gordon King Papers. Folder 16.

  44. 44.

    Hong Kong Sunday Herald 22 June 1941.

  45. 45.

    Hong Kong: Report of the Hong Kong University Advisory Committee, July 1946. Hong Kong Public Records Office.

  46. 46.

    Ibid.

  47. 47.

    Stock, Francis, “A New Beginning,” in The University of Hong Kong: The First 50 Years, 1911-1961, (ed.) Brian Harrison, (Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1962).

  48. 48.

    Hong Kong University Archives. Interim Period Minutes, 1946–1948. Minutes of a Meeting of the University of Hong Kong Provisional Powers Committee Held in the Colonial Office on Thursday, 21 November 1946.

  49. 49.

    Interim Period Minutes, 1946–1948. University of Hong Kong Archives. Meeting of Provisional Powers Committee held 22 March 1946.

  50. 50.

    ‘University Alumni Dance,’ Hong Kong Sunday Herald, 2 March 1947.

  51. 51.

    ‘Future plans for HK University,’ Hong Kong Sunday Herald, 27 August 1950.

  52. 52.

    Minutes of joint meeting of Provisional Powers Committee and the Interim committee, 10 September 1947. Hong Kong University Archives. Interim Period Minutes, 1946–1948.

  53. 53.

    Ibid.

  54. 54.

    Ibid.

  55. 55.

    Ibid and minutes of Provisional Powers Committee , 9 December 1947. Hong Kong University Archives. Interim Period Minutes.

  56. 56.

    ‘Dr. D.J. Sloss Honoured By ‘U’ Alumni At Party,’ Hong Kong Sunday Herald. 3 April 1949.

  57. 57.

    ‘Future of HK University,’ Hong Kong Sunday Herald, 26 June 1947.

  58. 58.

    Sweeting, Anthony . “The University by Report.” In An Impossible Dream: Hong Kong University from foundation to re-establishment, 1910–1950, edited by Chan Lau Kit-ching and Peter Cunich (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002), 238.

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Ching, F. (2018). War: The University in Suspended Animation. In: 130 Years of Medicine in Hong Kong. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6316-9_7

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