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Unfolding the Mechanism of Proteases in Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases

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Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases

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Abstract

The intestinal epithelial biology is controlled by the presence of the gastrointestinal protease pool and their inhibitors. Enteric bacterial proteases and their signalling mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Proteases derived from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are mainly responsible for ulceration, low stomach acid and gastritis. H. pylori infection initiates the inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. The apoptotic pathways involve the proteolytic activities of caspases, i.e. cysteine aspartate proteases. However, some types of matrix metalloproteinases restrain such infection while other types act as the causal agent for gastric ulceration. Serine proteases and PAR-2 have been found to elicit signalling pathways related to induction of pain in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The prognostic role of tumour-associated proteases in colorectal cancer has also been investigated. The increased levels of cathepsin in Gaucher storage cells point towards their role in pathogenesis of the disease. On the other hand, excessive trypsin and chymotrypsin activity has been observed in case of chronic pancreatitis. This chapter focusses on the role of proteases on the pathology of various diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P-1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India

    Sharmistha Banerjee, Sumit Ghosh & Parames C. Sil

  2. Jhargram Raj College, Government of West Bengal, Jhargram, India

    Krishnendu Sinha

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  1. Sharmistha Banerjee
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  2. Sumit Ghosh
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Correspondence to Parames C. Sil .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Banerjee, S., Ghosh, S., Sinha, K., Sil, P.C. (2017). Unfolding the Mechanism of Proteases in Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Pathophysiological Aspects of Proteases. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6141-7_24

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