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Twenty Years of Research and Development on Soil Pollution and Remediation in China pp 535–543Cite as

Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils Amended by Phosphate-, Carbonate-, and Silicate-Based Materials: From Lab to Field

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Abstract

The amendment-induced immobilization of heavy metals has been considered as a cost-effective and easily operational method for remediation of contaminated soils. This method relies on the amendments to convert heavy metals into stable forms, by sorption, precipitation, complexation, ion exchange, or redox process, thereby decreasing mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals. Among the amendments, phosphate-, carbonate-, and silicate-based materials were most commonly used. In this paper, a review was made on the development of our research on such an immobilization treatment with more attention paid to the molecular mechanism and field application. The impact factors, long-term effects, possible secondary pollution, and effects on the soil property related to the treatment were also discussed.

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Acknowledgments

The author is grateful for the financial support from the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (No. 201537023), Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21537002, 20877056, 21077072, 21377081, 21428702), and Key Laboratory of Bio-organic Fertilizer Creation of Ministry of Agriculture (No. BOFC2015KA04).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China

    Xinde Cao

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  1. Xinde Cao
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Correspondence to Xinde Cao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China

    Yongming Luo

  2. Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China

    Chen Tu

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Cao, X. (2018). Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Contaminated Soils Amended by Phosphate-, Carbonate-, and Silicate-Based Materials: From Lab to Field. In: Luo, Y., Tu, C. (eds) Twenty Years of Research and Development on Soil Pollution and Remediation in China. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6029-8_32

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