Abstract
Land use and land cover changes have been undergoing at a rapid rate universally. Anthropogenic activities where human intervention is involved is been considered as a major driver for land use changes. This type of advancement in land activity has caused depletion of natural resources more so groundwater table. There is a great need for assessment of groundwater profile at local level. Groundwater is maximally harnessed for many water use purposes in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka. This study aims to analyze and quantify the effect of land use/land cover (LU/LC) transformations along a time scale with the fluctuating groundwater levels. Groundwater level information of the year 2003 and 2013 from observation wells and satellite imagery from Landsat with ETM 7 and OLI sensors were used. Kriging, a geostatistical method of interpolation, used well data as points taken at different locations (29 wells) all over the district and created a continuous surface using interpolation with the estimate of error. LULC map of 2003 and 2013 was derived from classification of TM images using supervised, parametric maximum likelihood classifier. Area is broadly categorized into four classes, namely vegetation, urban areas, water, and other category. Accuracy assessment of this classification yielded kappa statistics of greater than 0.8 for both the images and overall accuracy greater than 90%. Further, relationship between LULC and groundwater level is inferred with the help of 1 by 1 km grid. Rainfall and stream network were used in ascertaining the sensitive areas in terms of groundwater that hold a hydrogeological importance. It was inferred from the study that the groundwater depletion to the extent of 2 m has been evident in the urban areas with an increase in built-up greater than 25 acres per 250 acres. These fluctuations are evident in the northwest and south regions of the district compared to the other areas. Moreover, these hydrogeologically sensitive areas for recharge need protection from further development activities.
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Bhat, V., Prajwal, M., Shetty, A., Srivastava, A., Bhosale, R. (2018). Spatiotemporal Relationship Linking Land Use/Land Cover with Groundwater Level. In: Singh, V., Yadav, S., Yadava, R. (eds) Groundwater. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 76. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5789-2_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5789-2_4
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