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Phytoproteins and Induced Antiviral Defence in Susceptible Plants: The Indian Context

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A Century of Plant Virology in India

Abstract

Amongst the many approaches being tried out to contain plant viruses, induced systemic resistance (ISR) is one that finds its basis in the induction of antiviral resistance in susceptible plants against viruses by application of sap from certain non-host plants. Phytoprotein based antiviral researches in India started with the first study published in 1952. Progress on such research in India has been focused on screening plants for potential antiviral activity and/or induction of resistance, purification of the active principles and their characterization, and insights into possible mechanisms of action. However, not much success has been achieved at the field level. Resistance induced by plant proteins has been found to be either local or systemic, and in a majority of cases, is reversed by actinomycin D, suggesting host transcriptional involvement. The major plants harbouring such proteins are Clerodendrum inerme, C. aculeatum, Boerhaavia diffusa, Bougainvillea spectabilis, B. xbuttiana, and Celosia cristata. Most proteins inducing resistance fall in the molecular mass range of 25–35 kDa, are heat tolerant, and basic glycoproteins. A few possess ribosome-inactivating properties and share amino acid sequence homologies with other known ribosome-inactivating proteins. Systemic resistance inducing proteins have been shown to induce the production of a virus inhibitory agent (VIA) in the susceptible plant. The VIAs are also proteins, in the range of 30–65 kDa, and are tolerant to conditions that would degrade normal cellular proteins. One such VIA has exhibited homologies to a lectin. A few studies have suggested that at least some of the resistance inducing proteins suppress virus replication.

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  1. Molecular Plant Virology Lab, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow, 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Vivek Prasad & Shalini Srivastava

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  1. Advanced Center for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Bikash Mandal

  2. Advanced Center for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Govind Pratap Rao

  3. Advanced Center for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Virendra Kumar Baranwal

  4. Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Rakesh Kumar Jain

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Prasad, V., Srivastava, S. (2017). Phytoproteins and Induced Antiviral Defence in Susceptible Plants: The Indian Context. In: Mandal, B., Rao, G., Baranwal, V., Jain, R. (eds) A Century of Plant Virology in India. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5672-7_28

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