Abstract
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1.
The epithelium of the edge of the newborn vocal fold consists of stratified squamous epithelium.
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2.
At birth, the epithelium and basal lamina of the membranous portion of the human vocal fold resemble that of adults and are ready to start the growth and development of the human vocal fold as a vibrating tissue.
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3.
The lamina propria of the newborn vocal fold mucosa is a loose structure composed of ground substances and sparse fibers, and no structure corresponding to the vocal ligament can be found. The layered structure in adult vocal folds is not present at birth.
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4.
The lamina propria of the newborn vocal fold lacks not only a vocal ligament and layered structure but also the characteristic complex of extracellular matrices seen in adults. The viscoelasticity of the newborn vocal fold mucosa is morphologically not sufficient for phonation.
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5.
Ground substances are abundant and glycoproteins (fibronectin) are present in the lamina propria of the newborn vocal fold mucosa.
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6.
The newborn vocal fold mucosa is not suitable for vibration but is in the process of acquiring the viscoelastic properties of the human vocal fold mucosa as a vibrating tissue.
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Sato, K. (2018). Cells and Extracellular Matrices in the Human Newborn Vocal Fold Mucosa. In: Functional Histoanatomy of the Human Larynx. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5586-7_13
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