Abstract
Microbes, insects, and other organisms within the plant environment emit volatiles responsible for various biological and physiological processes that affect the well-being and growth of plants. These volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are produced by organisms can travel a distance from the locality of emission into the atmosphere, soils, and liquids making them an efficient means of regulating short as well as long-distance interactions between organisms. In this chapter we look into the plethora of VOCs that are emitted in bacteria-bacteria, bacteria-fungi, and bacteria-plant interactions. These VOCs are involved in mutualistic, antagonistic, or symbiotic relationships that regulate cellular, developmental, and biological processes which include growth and plant defenses. Due to the large abundance of microorganisms, the function of these VOCs on other organisms remains poorly understood. Here we have reviewed the role of MVOCs with special emphasis on plant defense and health, alluding to the potential of these compounds to control various processes that result in the plants’ elevated health and defense.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Alifano P, Del Giudice L et al (2010) Microbes at work in perfumery: the microbial community of vetiver root and its involvement in essential oil biogenesis. Flavour Fragr J 25:121–122. doi:10.1002/ffj.1978
Alimi M, Soleimani MJ, Darzi MT (2012) Characterization and application of microbial antagonists for control of fusarium head blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum using single and mixture strain of antagonistic bacteria on resistance and susceptible cultivars. Afr J Microbiol Res 6:326–334
Aponte M, Boscaino F et al (2013) Volatile compounds and bacterial community dynamics of chestnut-flour-based sourdoughs. Food Chem 141:2394–2404. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.052
Audrain B, Farag MA, Ryu CM et al (2015) Role of bacterial volatile compounds in bacterial biology. FEMS Microbiol Rev 39:222–233. doi:10.1093/femsre/fuu013
Bailly A, Weisskopf L (2012) The modulating effect of bacterial volatiles on plant growth: current knowledge and future challenges. Plant Signal Behav 7:79–85
Bailly A, Groenhagen U, Schulz S et al (2014) The inter-kingdom volatile signal indole promotes root development by interfering with auxin signalling. Plant J 80:758–771. doi:10.1111/tpj.12666
Berrada I, Benkhemmar O, Swings J et al (2012) Selection of halophilic bacteria for biological control of tomato gray mould caused by Botrytis cinerea. Phytopathol Mediterr 51:625–630
Bhattacharyya P, Jha D (2012) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28:1327–1350. doi:10.1007/s11274-011-0979-9
Bitas V, Kim HS et al (2013) Sniffing on microbes: diverse roles of microbial volatile organic compounds in plant health. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 26:835–843. doi:10.1094/MPMI-10-12-0249-CR
Blom D, Fabbri C et al (2011) Production of plant growth modulating volatiles is widespread among rhizo-sphere bacteria and strongly depends on culture conditions. Environ Microbiol 3:3047–3058. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02582.x
Bordiec S, Paquis S, Lacroix H et al (2010) Comparative analysis of defence responses induced by the endophytic plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium Burkholderia phytofirmans strain PsJN and the non-host bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi in grapevine cell suspensions. J Exp Bot 62:595–603
Bos LD, Sterk PJ, Schultz MJ (2013) Volatile metabolites of pathogens: a systematic review. PLoS Pathog 9:e1003311. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003311
Bunge M, Araghipour N et al (2008) On-line monitoring of microbial volatile metabolites by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry. Appl Environ Microbiol 74:2179–2186. doi:10.1128/AEM.02069-07
Chernin L, Toklikishvili N et al (2011) Quorum-sensing quenching by rhizobacterial volatiles. Environ Microbiol Rep 3:698–704. doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00284.x
Cho SM, Kang BR et al (2008) 2R, 3R-butanediol, a bacterial volatile produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, is involved in induction of systemic tolerance to drought in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 21:1067–1075. doi:10.1094/MPMI-21-8-1067
Choi GJ, Choi YH, Kim JC et al (2008) Nematicidal activity of malabaricones isolated from Myristica malabarica fruit rinds against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Nematol 10:801–807
Contreras-Cornejo H, Macías-Rodríguez L, Herrera-Estrella A et al (2014) The 4-phosphopantetheinyl transferase of Trichoderma virens plays a role in plant protection against Botrytis cinerea through volatile organic compound emission. Plant Soil 379:261–274. doi:10.1007/s11104-014- 2069-x
Cortes-Barco A, Goodwin P, Hsiang T (2010a) Comparison of induced resistance activated by benzothiadiazole, (2R,3R)-butanediol and anisoparaffin mixture against anthracnose of Nicotiana benthamiana. Plant Pathol 59:643–653. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02283.x
Cortes-Barco A, Hsiang T, Goodwin P (2010b) Induced systemic resistance against three foliar diseases of Agrostis stolonifera by (2R,3R)-butanediol or an isoparaffin mixture. Ann Appl Biol 157:179–189. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2010.00417.x
D’Alessandro M, Erb M, Ton J et al (2014) Volatiles produced by soil-borne endophytic bacteria increase plant pathogen resistance and affect tritrophic interactions. Plant Cell Environ 37:813–826. doi:10.1111/pce.12220
Dandurishvili N, Toklikishvili N et al (2011) Broad-range antagonistic rhizobacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens and Serratia plymuthica suppress agrobacterium crown gall tumours on tomato plants. J Appl Microbiol 110:341–352. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04891.x
Davis TS, Crippen TL et al (2013) Microbial volatile emissions as insect semiochemicals. J Chem Ecol 39:840–859. doi:10.1007/s10886-013-0306-z
Del Giudice L, Massardo DR et al (2008) The microbial community of vetiver root and its involvement into essential oil biogenesis. Environ Microbiol 10:2824–2841. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01703.x
Dolch M, Hornuss C et al (2012) Volatile compound profiling for the identification of gram-negative bacteria by ion-molecule reaction-mass spectrometry. J Appl Microbiol 113:1097–1105. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05414.x
Driouich A, Follet-Gueye M-L, Vicré-Gibouin M, Hawes M (2013) Root border cells and secretions as critical elements in plant host defense. Curr Opin Plant Biol 16:489–495. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2013.06.010
Effmert U, Kalderas J et al (2012) Volatile mediated interactions between bacteria and fungi in the soil. J Chem Ecol 38:665–703. doi:10.1007/s10886-012-0135-5
Elshafie HS, Camele I, Racioppi R et al (2012) In vitro antifungal activity of Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola against some phytopathogenic fungi. Int J Mol Sci 13:16291–16302
Ezquer I, Li J, Ovecka M et al (2010) Microbial volatile emissions promote accumulation of exceptionally high levels of starch in leaves in mono-and dicotyledonous plants. Plant Cell Physiol 51:1674–1693. doi:10.1093/pcp/pcq126
Farag MA, Ryu C-M, Sumner LW, Pare PW (2006) GC-MS SPME profiling of rhizobacterial volatiles reveals prospective inducers of growth promotion and induced systemic resistance in plants. Phytochemistry 67:2262–2268
Farag M, Zhang H, Ryu CM (2013) Dynamic chemical communication between plants and bacteria through airborne signals: induced resistance by bacterial volatiles. J Chem Ecol 39:1007–1018. doi:10.1007/s10886-013-0317-9
Fernando WGD, Ramarathnam R, Krishnamoorthy AS et al (2005) Identification and use of potential bacterial organic antifungal volatiles in biocontrol. Soil Biol Biochem 37:955–964
Fiddaman PJ, Rossall S (1994) Effect of substrate on the production of antifungal volatiles from Bacillus subtilis. J Appl Bacteriol 76:395–405
Fiedler K, Schutz E, Geh S (2001) Detection of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) produced by moulds on various materials. Int J Hyg Environ Health 204:111–121. doi:10.1078/1438-4639-00094
Garbeva P, Hordijk C et al (2014a) Volatile-mediated interactions between phylogenetically different soil bacteria. Front Microbiol 5:289. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00289
Garbeva P, Hordijk C et al (2014b) Volatiles produced by the mycophagous soil bacterium Collimonas. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 87:639–649. doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12252
Glare T, Caradus J, Gelernter W et al (2012) Have biopesticides come of age? Trends Biotechnol 30:250–258. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.01.003
Goswami D, Vaghela H, Parmar S et al (2013) Plant growth promoting potentials of Pseudomonas spp. strain OG isolated from marine water. J Plant Interact 8:281–290. doi:10.1080/17429145.2013.768360
Gray CM, Monson RK, Fierer N (2010) Emissions of volatile organic compounds during the decomposition of plant litter. J Geophys Res Biogeosci 115:G03015
Groenhagen U, Baumgartner R, Bailly A et al (2013) Production of bioactive volatiles by different Burkholderia ambifaria strains. J Chem Ecol 39:892–906. doi:10.1007/s10886-013-0315-y
Gutierrez-Luna FM, Lopez-Bucio J, Tamirano-Hernandez J et al (2010) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria modulate root-system architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana through volatile organic compound emission. Symbiosis 51:75–83. doi:10.1007/s13199-010-0066-2
Han SH, Lee SJ, Moon JH et al (2006) GacS-dependent production of 2R,3R-butanediol by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 is a major determinant for eliciting systemic resistance against Erwinia carotovora but not against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci in tobacco. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 19:924–930. doi:10.1094/MPMI-19-0924
Heil M (2001) The ecological concept of costs of induced systemic resistance (ISR). Eur J Plant Pathol 107:137–146. doi:10.1023/A:1008793009517
Heil M, Baldwin IT (2002) Fitness costs of induced resistance: emerging experimental support for a slippery concept. Trends Plant Sci 7:61–67. doi:10.1016/S1360-1385(01)02186-0
Hol W, Bezemer T, Biere A (2013) Getting the ecology into interactions between plants and the plant growth-promoting bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens. Front Plant Sci 4:81. doi:10.3389/fpls.2013.00081
Huang CJ, Tsay JF, Chang SY (2012) Dimethyl disulfide is an induced systemic resistance elicitor produced by Bacillus cereus C1L. Pest Manag Sci 68:1306–1310. doi:10.1002/ps.3301
Hunziker L, Bonisch D, Groenhagen U et al (2015) Pseudomonas strains naturally associated with potato plants produce volatiles with high potential for inhibition of Phytophthora infestans. Appl Environ Microbiol 81:821–830. doi:10.1128/AEM.02999-14
Hwang J, Chilton WS, Benson DM (2002) Pyrrolnitrin production by Burkholderia cepacia and biocontrol of Rhizoctonia stem rot of poinsettia. BiolControl 25:56–63
Insam H, Seewald MS (2010) Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soils. Biol Fertil Soils 46:199–213. doi:10.1007/s00374-010-0442-3
Juenger M, Vautz W, Kuhns M et al (2012) Ion mobility spectrometry for microbial volatile organic compounds: a new identification tool for human pathogenic bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 93:2603–2614. doi:10.1007/s00253-012-3924-4
Kai M, Effmert U, Berg G et al (2007) Volatiles of bacterial antagonists inhibit mycelial growth of the plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Arch Microbiol 187:351–360. doi:10.1007/s00203-006-0199-0
Kai M, Haustein M, Molina F et al (2009) Bacterial volatiles and their action potential. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 81:1001–1012. doi:10.1007/s00253-008-1760-3
Kai M, Crespo E, Cristescu SM et al (2010) Serratia odorifera: analysis of volatile emission and biological impact of volatile compounds on Arabidopsis thaliana. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 88:965–976. doi:10.1007/s00253-010-2810-1
Kanchiswamy CN, Malnoy M, Maffei ME (2015) Bioprospecting bacterial and fungal volatiles for sustainable agriculture. Trends Plant Sci. doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2015.01.004
Kishimoto K, Matsui K, Ozawa R et al (2007) Volatile1-octen-3-ol induces a defensive response in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Gen Plant Pathol 73:35–37. doi:10.1007/s10327-006-0314-8
Kunze N, Goepel J, Kuhns M et al (2013) Detection and validation of volatile metabolic patterns over different strains of two human pathogenic bacteria during their growth in a complex medium using multi-capillary column-ion mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97:3665–3676
Kuske M, Romain AC, Nicolas J (2005) Microbial volatile organic compound as indicator of fungi. Can an electronic nose detect fungi in indoor environments? Build Environ 40:824–831. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.08.012
Kwon YS, Ryu CM, Lee S et al (2010) Proteome analysis of Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to bacterial volatiles. Planta 232:1355–1370
LeBouf RF, Schuckers SA, Rossner A (2010) Preliminary assessment of a model top mold contamination based on microbial volatile organic compound profiles. Sci Total Environ 408:3648–3653. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.04.054
Lee B, Farag MA, Park HB (2012) Induced resistance by along-chain bacterial volatile: elicitation of plant systemic defense by a C13 volatile produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa. PLoS ONE 7:e48744. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048744
Leff JW, Fierer N (2008) Volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from soil and litter samples. Soil Biol Biochem 40:1629–1636. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.01.018
Lemfack MC, Nickel J, Dunkel M et al (2014) mVOC: a database of microbial volatiles. Nucleic Acids Res 42:D744–D748. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1250
Leroy PD, Sabri A, Heuskin S et al (2011) Microorganisms from aphid honeydew attracts and enhance the efficacy of natural enemies. Nat Commun 2:348. doi:10.1038/ncomms1347
Li HF, Imai T, Ukita M et al (2004) Compost stability assessment using a secondary metabolite: geosmin. Environ Technol 25:1305–1312. doi:10.1080/09593332508618374
Liang H, Zhang X, Jun RAO et al (2008) Microbial volatile organic compounds: generation pathways and mass spectrometric detection. J Chin Biotechnol 28:124–133
Ligon JM, Hill DS, Hammer PE et al (2000) Natural products with antifungal activity from Pseudomonas biocontrol bacteria. Pest Manag Sci 56:688–695. doi:10.1002/1526 4998(200008). 56:8<688::AID-PS186>3.0.CO;2-V
Maffei M (2002) Vetiveria, the genus Vetiveria. Taylor & Francis, London. doi:10.4324/9780203218730
Maffei ME, Gertsch J, Appendino G (2011) Plant volatiles: production, function and pharmacology. Nat Prod Rep 28:1359–1380. doi:10.1039/c1np00021g
Marmulla R, Harder J (2014) Microbial mono terpene transformations – a review. Front Microbiol 5:346. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00346
Mcneal KS, Herbert BE (2009) Volatile organic metabolites as indicators of soil microbial activity and community composition shifts. Soil Sci Soc Am J 73:579–588. doi:10.2136/sssaj2007.0245
Meldau DG, Meldau S, Hoang LH et al (2013) Dimethyl disulfide produced by the naturally associated bacterium Bacillus sp. B55 promotes Nicotiana attenuate growth by enhancing sulfur nutrition. Plant Cell 25:2731–2747. doi:10.1105/tpc.113.114744
Mendes R, Garbeva P, Raaijmakers JM (2013) The rhizosphere microbiome: significance of plant beneficial, plant pathogenic, and human pathogenic microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol Rev 37:634–663. doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12028
Minerdi D, Bossi S, Gullino ML et al (2009) Volatile organic compounds: a potential direct long-distance mechanism for antagonistic action of Fusarium oxysporum strain MSA35. Environ Microbiol 11:844–854. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01805.x
Minerdi D, Bossi S, Maffei ME et al (2011) Fusarium oxysporum and its bacterial consortium promote lettuce growth and expansin A5 gene expression through microbial volatile organic compound (MVOC) emission. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 76:342–351. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01051.x
Mirmajlessi SM, Mänd M, Najdabbasi N et al (2016) Screening of native Trichoderma harzianum isolates for their ability to control Verticillium wilt of strawberry. Zemdirbyste-Agricul 103:397–404. doi:10.13080/z-a.2016.103.051
Morales-Rodriguez C, Picon-Toro J, Palo C, Palo EJ et al (2012) In vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytophthora nicotianae from different hosts by Brassicaceae species. Effect of the developmental stage of the biofumigant plants. Pest Manag Sci 68:1317–1322. doi:10.1002/ps.3310
Muller T, Thissen R, Braun S et al (2004a) MVOC and composting facilities-part 2: MVOC dispersal in the environment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 11:152–157. doi:10.1007/BF02979669
Muller T, Thissen R, Braun S et al (2004b) MVOC and composting facilities. Part 1: MVOC emissions from municipal biowaste and plant refuse. Environ Sci Pollut Res 11:91–97. doi:10.1007/BF02979708
Nadarajah K (2016) Rhizosphere interactions: life below ground. In: Choudhary KD, Varma A (eds) Plant microbe interactions: an approach to sustainable agriculture. Springer, Singapore, pp 3–24. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-2854-0
Naznin HA, Kiyohara D, Kimura M et al (2014) Systemic resistance induced by volatile organic compounds emitted by plant growth-promoting fungi in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS ONE 9:e86882. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086882
Neal AL, Ton J (2013) Systemic defense priming by Pseudomonas putida KT2440 in maize depends on benzoxazinoid exudation from the roots. Plant Signal Behav 8(1):e22655
Ng WL, Bassler BL (2009) Bacterial quorum-sensing network architectures. Annu Rev Genet 43(197):222. doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-102108-134304
O’Hara M, Mayhew C (2009) A preliminary comparison of volatile organic compounds in the headspace of cultures of Staphylococcus aureus grown in nutrient, dextrose and brain heart bovine broths measured using a proton transferre action mass spectrometer. J Breath Res 3:027001
Ortiz-Castro R, Contreras-Cornejo HA et al (2009) The role of microbial signals in plant growth and development. Plant Signal Behav 4:701–712. doi:10.4161/psb.4.8.9047
Ortiz-Castro R, Martinez-Trujillo M, Lopez-Bucio J (2008) N-acyl-L homoserine lactones: a class of bacterial quorum-sensing signals alter post-embryonic root development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ 31:1497–1509. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01863.x
Paré PW, Farag MA, Krishnamachari V et al (2005) Elicitors and priming agents initiate plant defense responses. Photosyn Res 85:149–159
Park HB, Lee B, Kloepper JW et al (2013) One shot-two pathogens blocked: exposure of Arabidopsis to hexadecane, along chain volatile organic compound, confers induced resistance against both Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pseudomonas syringae. Plant Signal Behav 8:e24619. doi:10.4161/psb.24619
Penuelas J, Asensio D, Tholl D et al (2014) Biogenic volatile emissions from the soil. Plant Cell Environ 37:1866–1891. doi:10.1111/pce.12340
Perl T, Juenger M, Vautz W et al (2011) Detection of characteristic metabolites of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida species using ion mobility spectrometry-metabolic profiling by volatile organic compounds. Mycoses 54:E828–E837. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02037.x
Piechulla B, Degenhardt J (2014) The emerging importance of microbial volatile organic compounds. Plant Cell Environ 37:811–812
Pineda A, Zheng SJ, van Loon JJA et al (2010) Helping plants to deal with insects: the role of beneficial soil-borne microbes. Trends in Plant Sci 15:507–514
Pineda ANA, Soler R, Weldegergis BT et al (2013) Non-pathogenic rhizobacteria interfere with the attraction of parasitoids to aphid-induced plant volatiles via jasmonic acid signalling. Plant Cell Environ 36:393–404. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02581.x
Popova AA, Koksharova OA, Lipasova VA et al (2014) Inhibitory and toxic effects of volatiles emitted by strains of Pseudomonas and Serratia on growth and survival of selected microorganisms, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster. Biomed Res Int 2014:11. doi:10.1155/2014/125704
Ramirez KS, Lauber CL, Fierer N (2010) Microbial consumption and production of volatile organic compounds at the soil-litter interface. Biogeochemistry 99:97–107. doi:10.1007/s10533-009-9393-x
Rasmann S, Köllner TG, Degenhardt J et al (2005) Recruitment of entomopathogenic nematodes by insect-damaged maize roots. Nature 434:732–737
Rasanen RM, Hakansson M, Viljanen M (2010) Differentiation of air samples with and without microbial volatile organic compounds by aspiration ion mobility spectrometry and semiconductor sensors. Build Environ 45:2184–2191. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.03.018
Rasmussen TB, Givskov M (2006) Quorum-sensing inhibitors as anti-pathogenic drugs. Int J Med Microbiol 296:149–161. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2006.02.005
Romoli R, Papaleo MC, de Pascale D et al (2011) Characterization of the volatile profile of Antarctic bacteria by using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Mass Spectrom 46:1051–1059. doi:10.1002/jms.1987
Romoli R, Papaleo M, De Pascale D et al (2014) GC MS volatolomic approach to study the antimicrobial activity of the Antarctic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp TB41. Metabolomics 10:42–51. doi:10.1007/s11306-013-0549-2
Rudrappa T, Biedrzycki ML, Kunjeti SG, Donofrio NM et al (2010) The rhizobacterial elicitor acetoin induces systemic resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Commun Integ Biol 3:130–138. doi:10.4161/cib.3.2.10584
Ryan RP, Dow J (2008) Diffusible signals and interspecies communication in bacteria. Microbiol Sgm 154:1845–1858. doi:10.1099/mic.0.2008/017871-0
Ryu CM, Farag MA, Hu CH et al (2003) Bacterial volatiles promote growth in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:4927–4932. doi:10.1073/pnas.0730845100
Ryu CM, Farag MA, Hu CH et al (2004) Bacterial volatiles induce systemic resistance in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 134:1017–1026. doi:10.1104/pp.103.026583
Scala A, Allmann S, Mirabella R et al (2013) Green leaf volatiles: a Plant’s multifunctional weapon against herbivores and pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 14:17781–17811. doi:10.3390/ijms140917781
Schmidt R, Cordovez V, DeBoer W et al (2015) Volatile affairs in microbial interactions. ISMEJ 9:2329–2335
Scotter JM, Langford VS, Wilson PF et al (2005) Real-time detection of common microbial volatile organic compounds from medically important fungi by selected ion flowtube-mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). J Microbiol Methods 63:127–134. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2005.02.022
Shannon U et al (2012) Fungal volatile organic compounds: a review with emphasis on their biotechnological potential. Fungal Biol Rev 26:73–83
Song GC, Ryu CM (2013) Two volatile organic compounds trigger plant self defense against a bacterial pathogen and a sucking insect in cucumber under open field conditions. Int J Mol Sci 14:9803–9819. doi:10.3390/ijms14059803
Stahl PD, Parkin TB (1996) Microbial production of volatile organic compounds in soil microcosms. Soil Sci Soc Am J 60:821–828. doi:10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000030020x
Sundberg C, Yu D, Franke-Whittle I et al (2013) Effects of pH and microbial composition on odour in food waste composting. Waste Manag 33:204–211. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2012.09.017
Tenorio-Salgado S, Tinoco R, Vazquez-Duhalt R et al (2013) Identification of volatile compounds produced by the bacterium Burkholderia tropica that inhibit the growth of fungal pathogens. Bioengineered 4:236–243. doi:10.4161/bioe.23808
Thorn RMS, Greenman J (2012) Microbial volatile compounds in health and disease conditions. J Breath Res 6:024001. doi:10.1088/1752-7155/6/2/024001
Tirranen LS, Gitelson I (2006) The role of volatile metabolites in microbial communities of the LSS higher plant link. Adv Space Res 38:1227–1232. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2006.02.038
Verginer M, Leitner E, Berg G (2010) Production of volatile metabolites by grape-associated microorganisms. J Agric Food Chem 58:8344–8350. doi:10.1021/jf100393w
Vespermann A, Kai M, Piechulla B (2007) Rhizobacterial volatiles affect the growth of fungi and Arabidopsis thaliana. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:5639–5641. doi:10.1128/AEM.01078-07
Wan M, Li G, Zhang J et al (2008) Effect of volatile substances of Streptomyces platensis F-1 on control of plant fungal diseases. Biol Control 46:552–559
Waters CM, Bassler BL (2005) Quorum sensing: cell-to-cell communication in bacteria. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 21:319–346. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.21.012704.131001
Weise T, Kai M, Gummesson A et al (2012) Volatile organic compounds produced by the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria 85–10. Beilstein J Org Chem 8:579–596. doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.65
Weise T, Kai M, Piechulla B (2013) Bacterial ammonia causes significant plant growth inhibition. PLoS ONE 8:e63538. doi:10.1371/jour-nal.pone.0063538
Weisskopf L, Bailly A (2013) Plant growth modulation by bacterial volatiles—a focus on Burkholderia species. In de Bruijn FJ (ed) Molecular microbial ecology of the rhizosphere. Wiley, New York, pp 665–675
Weisskopf L (2013) The potential of bacterial volatiles for crop protection against phytopathogenic fungi. In: Méndez-Vilas A (ed) Microbial pathogens and strategies for combating them: science, technology and education, pp 1352–1363
Wenke K, Kai M, Piechulla B (2010) Below ground volatiles facilitate interactions between plant roots and soil organisms. Planta 231:499–506. doi:10.1007/s00425-009-1076-2
Wenke K, Wanke D, Kilian J et al (2012) Volatiles of two growth-inhibiting rhizobacteria commonly engage AtWRKY18 function. Plant J 70:445–459. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2011.04891.x
Wheatley RE (2002) The consequences of volatile organic compound mediated bacterial and fungal interactions. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Int J Gen Mol Microbiol 81:357–364. doi:10.1023/A:1020592802234
Wihlborg R, Pippitt D, Marsili R (2008) Headspace sorptive extraction and GC-TOFMS for the identification of volatile fungal metabolites. J Microbiol Methods 75:244–250. doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2008.06.011
Xu CK, Mo MH, Zhang LM et al (2004) Soil volatile fungistasis and volatile fungistatic compounds. Soil Biol Biochem 36:1997–2004
Yamagiwa Y, Inagaki Y, Ichinose Y et al (2011) Talaromyces wortmannii FS2 emits beta-caryophyllene, which promotes plant growth and induces resistance. J Gen Plant Pathol 77:336–341. doi:10.1007/s10327-011-0340-z
Yuan Z, Chen Y, Xu B, Zhang C (2012) Current perspectives on the volatile-producing fungal endophytes. Crit Rev Biotechnol 32:363–373. doi:10.3109/07388551.2011.651429
Yuan J, Raza W, Huang Q, Shen Q (2011) Quantification of the antifungal lipopeptide iturin A by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with aqueous two-phase extraction. J Chromatogr B 879:2746–2750
Zhang H, Kim MS, Krishnamachari V et al (2007) Rhizobacterial volatile emissions regulate auxin homeostasis and cell expansion in Arabidopsis. Planta 226:839–851
Zhang H, Kim MS, Sun Y et al (2008) Soil bacteria confer plant salt tolerance by tissue-specific regulation of the sodium transporter HKT1. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 21:737–744
Zhang X, Li B, Wang Y et al (2013) Lipopeptides, a novel protein, and volatile compounds contribute to the antifungal activity of the biocontrolagent Bacillus atrophaeus CAB-1. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97:9525–9534. doi:10.1007/s00253-013-5198-x
Zou C, Li Z, Yu D (2010) Bacillus megaterium strain XTBG34 promotes plant growth by producing 2-pentylfuran. J Microbiol 48:460–466. doi:10.1007/s12275-010-0068-z
Zou CS, Mo MH, Gu YQ et al (2007) Possible contributions of volatile-producing bacteria to soil fungistasis. Soil Biol Biochem 39:2371–2379. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.04.009
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nadarajah, K.K. (2017). Microbial Volatiles and Plant Defense. In: Choudhary, D., Sharma, A., Agarwal, P., Varma, A., Tuteja, N. (eds) Volatiles and Food Security. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5553-9_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5553-9_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-5552-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-5553-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)