Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is the second essential macronutrient next to nitrogen. It is a constituent of the essential macromolecules like DNA, RNA, ATP, phospholipids, etc. and indispensable at all growth stages of all plants. With rice being the staple cereal diet of about 50% in the world and 85% of the Indian population and P being an essential plant nutrient, understanding P metabolism in rice rhizosphere is important to assess fertility status of rice soils. Oxidation-reduction reactions in rice soil open up challenges, opportunities and potentials for manifold microbial activities which are significant for maintenance of fertility and sustainability in rice production systems. Rice production should be enhanced to meet the world food need. Most agricultural soils are P deficient and, therefore, require application of phosphatic fertilizers to sustain crop production. But excess chemical P fertilizer application can cause environmental hazards like pollution, eutrophication, etc. This situation warrants for eco-friendly and economical alternate strategy like biofertilizer application for improving crop production in P-deficient soils. Phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, viz. Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, Aspergillus spp. etc. can mineralize insoluble P thereby increasing P availability to plants. Therefore, efficient P-metabolizing biofertilizer application would promote plant growth, improve soil health and protect plants from different pathogens without disturbing the environment.
References
Adhya TK, Kumar N, Reddy G, Podile AR, Bee H, Samantaray B (2015) Microbial mobilization of soil phosphorus and sustainable P management in agricultural soils. Curr Sci 108(7):1280–1287
Ahemad M, Kibret M (2013) Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: current perspective. J King Saud Univ Sci 26:1–20
Ahmed N, Shahab S (2009) Phosphate solubilization: their mechanism genetics and application. Internet J Microbiol 9(1):1–19
Amprayn K, Rose MT, Kecskés M, Pereg L, Nguyen HT, Kennedy IR (2012) Plant growth promoting characteristics of soil yeast (Candida tropicalis HY) and its effectiveness for promoting rice growth. Appl Soil Ecol 61:295–299
Anand K, Kumari B, Mallick MA (2016) Phosphate solubilizing microbes: an effective and alternative approach as biofertilizers. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 8(2):37–40
Ashrafuzzaman M, Hossen FA, Ismail MR, Hoque MA, Islam MZ, Shahidullah SM, Meon S (2009) Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for the enhancement of rice growth. Afr J Biotechnol 8(Suppl 7):1247–1252
Bardgett RD, Shine A (1999) Linkages between plant litter diversity, soil microbial biomass and ecosystem function in temperate grasslands. Soil Biol Biochem 31:317–321
Bhattacharyya PN, Jha DK (2012) Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 28:1327–1350
Brimecombe MJ, De Leij FA, Lynch JM (2001) The effect of root exudates on rhizosphere microbial populations. In: Pinton R, Varaninin Z, Nannipieri P (eds) The rhizosphere: biochemistry and organic substances at the soil-plant interface. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 95–140
Chang CH, Yang SS (2009) Thermo-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing microbes for multi-functional biofertilizer preparation. Bioresour Technol 100:1648–1658
Duarah I, Deka M, Saikia N, Deka Boruah HP (2011) Phosphate solubilizers enhance NPK fertilizer use efficiency in rice and legume cultivation. 3 Biotech 1(4):227–238
Glick B (2012) Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica 2012(5):1–15
Goldstein AH, Lester T, Brown J (2003) Research on the metabolic engineering of the direct oxidation pathway for extraction of phosphate from ore has generated preliminary evidence for PQQ biosynthesis in Escherichia coli as well as a possible role for the highly conserved region of quinoprotein dehydrogenases. Biochim Biophys Acta 1647:266–271
Kerovuo J, Lauraeus M, Nurminen P, Kalkinen N, Apajalahti J (1998) Isolation, characterization, molecular gene cloning, and sequencing of a novel phytase from Bacillus Subtilis. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:2079–2085
Khan MS, Zaidi A, Wani PA, Ahemad M, Oves M (2009) Functional diversity among plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. In: Khan MS, Zaidi A, Musarrat J (eds) Microbial strategies for crop improvement. Springer, Berlin, pp 105–132
Khan MS, Zaidi A, Ahmad E (2014) Mechanism of phosphate solubilization and physiological functions of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms. In: Khan MS (eds) Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08216-5_2, © Springer International Publishing, Switzerland
Kim CH, Han SH, Kim KY, Cho BH, Kim YH, Koo BS, Kim YC (2003) Cloning and expression of pyrroloquinoline quinine (PQQ) genes from a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium Enterobacter intermedium. Curr Microbiol 47:457–461
Krishnaraj PU, Dahale S (2014) Mineral phosphate Solubilization: concepts and prospects in sustainable agriculture. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 80(2):389–405
Manzoor M, Kaleem Abbasi M, Sultan T (2017) Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from maize Rhizosphere and their potential for rock phosphate Solubilization–mineralization and plant growth promotion. Geomicrobiol J 34(1):81–95
Morales LA, Vázquez EV, Paz-Ferreiro J (2014) Spatial distribution and temporal variability of ammonium-nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a rice field in Corrientes, Argentina. Sci World J 2014:135906, 1–12
Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean LA (1954) Estimation of available phosphorus in soil by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circ. 939. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
Panhwar QA, Othman R, Rahman ZA, Meon S, Ismail MR (2012) Isolation and characterization of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from aerobic rice. Afri J Biotechnol 11(11):2711–2719
Panhwar QA, Jusop S, Naher UA, Othman R, Razi MI (2013) Application of potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and organic acids on phosphate solubilization from phosphate rock in aerobic rice. Sci World J Article ID 272409, 10 pages
Panhwar QA, Naher UA, Shamshuddin J, Othman R, Latif MA, Ismail MR (2014) Biochemical and molecular characterization of potential phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in acid sulfate soils and their beneficial effects on rice growth. PLoS One 9(10):e97241
Pindi PK, Satyanarayana SDV (2012) Liquid microbial consortium- a potential tool for sustainable soil health. J Biofertil Biopestici 3:124. doi:10.4172/2155-6202.1000124
Ponmurugan P, Gopi C (2006) Distribution pattern and screening of phosphate solubilising bacteria isolated from different food and forage crops. J Agron 5(4):600–604
Premono ME, Moawad AM, Vlek PLG (1996) Effect of phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonas putida on the growth of maize and its survival in the rhizosphere. Indones J Agric Sci 11:13–23
Ramachandran K, Srinivasan V, Hamza S, Anandaraj M (2003) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil and its growth promotion on black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cuttings. In: Vela´zquez E, Rodrı´guez-Barrueco C (eds) First international meeting on microbial phosphate solubilization, pp 325–331
Rathi M, Gaur N (2016) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria as biofertilizer and its applications. J Pharm Res 10(3):146–148
RodrÃguez H, Fraga R (1999) Phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their role in plant growth promotion. Biotechnol Adv 7(4–5):319–339
Saber K, Nahla LD, Chedly A (2005) Effect of P on nodule formation and N fixation in bean. Agron Sustain Dev 25:389–393
Saharan BS, Nehra V (2011) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: a critical review. Life Sci Med Res 2011: LSMR-21, 1–30
Sashidhar B, Podile AR (2010) Mineral phosphate solubilization by rhizosphere bacteria and scope for manipulation of the direct oxidation pathway involving glucose dehydrogenase. J Appl Microbiol 109(1):1–12
Sharma S, Kumar V, Tripathi RB (2011) Isolation of phosphate solubilizing microorganism (PSMs) from soil. J Microbiol Biotech Res 1(2):90–95
Sharma SB, Sayyed RZ, Trivedi MH, Gobi TA (2013) Phosphate solubilizing microbes: sustainable approach for managing phosphorus deficiency in agricultural soils. SpringerPlus 2:587
Sharon JA, Hathwaik LT, Glenn GM, Imam SH, Lee CC (2016) Isolation of efficient phosphate solubilizing bacteria capable of enhancing tomato plant growth. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 16(2):525–536
Smyth EM, McCarthy J, Nevin R, Khan MR, Dow JM, O’Gara F, Doohan FM (2011) In vitro analyses are not reliable predictors of the plant growth promotion capability of bacteria; a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain that promotes the growth and yield of wheat. J Appl Microbiol 111:683–692. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672. 2011.05079.x
Stephen J, Shabanamol S, Rishad KS, Jisha MS (2015) Growth enhancement of rice (Oryza sativa) by phosphate solubilizing Gluconacetobacter sp. (MTCC 8368) and Burkholderia sp. (MTCC 8369) under greenhouse conditions. 3 Biotech 5:831–837
Stotzky G (1997) Soil as an environment for microbial life. In: van Elsas JD, Trevors JT, Wellington EMH (eds) Modern soil microbiology. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 1–20
Tilak KVBR, Ranganayaki N, Pal KK, De R, Saxena AK, Nautiyal CS, Mittal S, Tripathi AK, Johri BN (2005) Diversity of plant growth and soil health supporting bacteria. Curr Sci 89(1):136–150
Tripura CB, Sashidhar B, Podile AR (2005) Transgenic mineral phosphate solubilizing bacteria for improved agricultural productivity. In: Satyanarayana T, Johri BN (eds) Microbial diversity current perspectives and potential applications. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, pp 375–392
Trivedi P, Kumar B, Pandey A, Palni LMS (2007) Growth promotion of rice by phosphate solubilizing bioinoculants in a Himalayan location. In: Velazquez E, Rodriguez-Barrueco C (eds) Proceedings books of first international meeting on microbial phosphate solubilization. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 291–299
Vahed HS, Shahinrokhsar P, Heydarnezhad F (2012) Performance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria for improving growth and yield of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) in the presence of phosphorus fertilizer. Int J Agri Crop Sci 4(17):1228–1232
Vassilev N, Vassileva M (2003) Biotechnological solubilization of rock phosphate on media containing agro-industrial wastes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 61(5):435–440
Whitelaw MA (2000) Growth promotion of plants inoculated with phosphate-solubilizing fungi. Adv Agron 69:99–151
Yadav BK, Verma A (2012) Phosphate solubilization and mobilization in soil through soil microorganisms under arid ecosystems, the functioning of ecosystems. In: Ali M (ed) In Tech. ISBN: 978-953-51-0573-2
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dash, N., Pahari, A., Dangar, T.K. (2017). Functionalities of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria of Rice Rhizosphere: Techniques and Perspectives. In: Shukla, P. (eds) Recent advances in Applied Microbiology . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5275-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5275-0_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-5274-3
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-5275-0
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)