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Climatic (Climato-Geomorphic) Forces on Lake-Catchment Systems

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Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems

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Abstract

Landform changes in a system are caused by natural forces (external and internal forces) and artificial forces. Long-term external forces which acted on lake-catchment systems are discussed using Lake Biwa and Lake Baikal. Historical short-term external forces are examined using Lake Yogo system and Lake Biwa system, and instrumental observation short-term external forces are checked using Kawauso-ike system, Kobe, Japan. Abrupt activities which acted on the systems are discussed using Darkhad lake-catchment system in Mongolia.

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Correspondence to Kenji Kashiwaya .

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Kashiwaya, K. (2017). Climatic (Climato-Geomorphic) Forces on Lake-Catchment Systems. In: Geomorphology of Lake-Catchment Systems. Environmental Earth Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5110-4_3

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