Abstract
Droplets are encountered in several natural systems, i.e. dew formation, cloud formation and practical applications such as inkjet printer, condenser, protein crystallization systems, digital microfluidic systems, disease diagnosis, droplet lenses, nano-patterning and droplet-based manufacturing systems. The internal hydrodynamics of droplets influence the behaviour and performance of these applications. Visualization of internal dynamics inside droplets is challenging due to the small-scale and curvature effect. The present study reports the ongoing work carried out at IITK on the interesting fluid flow dynamics inside droplets. Some of the case studies related to evaporating droplets, like a single evaporating droplet, two evaporating droplets, drying pattern and protein crystallization, have been reported. Marangoni stresses and buoyancy-driven Rayleigh convection are primarily responsible for motion inside droplets. The internal hydrodynamics inside a droplet shows several complexities irrespective of its simple symmetrical geometry.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bennacer R, Sefiane K (2014) Vortices, dissipation and flow transition in volatile binary drops. J Fluid Mech 749:649–665. doi:10.1017/jfm.2014.220
Brutin D, Sobac B, Loquet B, Sampol J (2011) Pattern formation in drying drops of blood. J Fluid Mech 667:85–95. doi:10.1017/S0022112010005070
Carles P, Cazabat AM (1989) Spreading involving the Marangoni effect: some preliminary results. Colloids Surf 41:97–105. doi:10.1016/0166-6622(89)80045-9
Chao YP, Qi LH, Xiao Y, Luo J, Zhou JM (2012) Manufacturing of micro thin-walled metal parts by micro-droplet deposition. J Mater Process Technol 212:484–491. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.10.015
Cira NJ, Benusiglio A, Prakash M (2015) Vapor-mediated sensing and motility in two-component droplets. Nature 519:446–450. doi:10.1038/nature14272
Deegan RD, Bakajin O, Dupont TF, Huber G, Nagel SR, Witten TA (1997) Capillary flow as the cause of ring stains from dried liquid drops. Nature 389:827–829. doi:10.1038/39827
Denkov ND, Velev OD, Kralchevsky PA, Ivanov IB, Yoshimura H, Nagayama K (1992) Mechanism of formation of two-dimensional crystals from latex particles on substrates. Langmuir 8:3183–3190. doi:10.1021/la00048a054
Duocastella M, Florian C, Diaspro A (2015) Sub-wavelength laser nanopatterning using droplet lenses. Sci. Rep. 5:16199. doi:10.1038/srep16199
Hegseth JJ, Rashidnia N, Chai A (1996) Natural convection in droplet evaporation. Phys Rev E 54:1640–1644. doi:10.1103/PhysRevE.54.1640
Hu H, Larson RG (2005) Analysis of the effects of Marangoni stresses on the microflow in an evaporating sessile droplet. Langmuir 21:3972–3980. doi:10.1021/la0475270
Hu H, Larson RG (2006) Marangoni effect reverses coffee-ring depositions. J. Phys. Chem. B 110:7090–7094. doi:10.1021/jp0609232
Kaneda M, Takao Y, Fukai J (2010) Thermal and solutal effects on convection inside a polymer solution droplet on a substrate. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53:4448–4457. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.06.049
Kang KH, Lim HC, Lee HW, Lee SJ (2013) Evaporation-induced saline Rayleigh convection inside a colloidal droplet. Phys Fluids 25:042001. doi:10.1063/1.4797497
Katsikis G, Cybulski JS, Prakash M (2015) Synchronous universal droplet logic and control. Nat Phys 11:588–596. doi:10.1038/nphys3341
Kuiper S, Hendriks BHW (2004) Variable-focus liquid lens for miniature cameras. Appl Phys Lett 85:1128–1130. doi:10.1063/1.1779954
Pradhan TK, Panigrahi PK (2015) Thermocapillary convection inside a stationary sessile water droplet on a horizontal surface with an imposed temperature gradient. Exp Fluids 56:178. doi:10.1007/s00348-015-2051-2
Ristenpart WD, Kim PG, Domingues C, Wan J, Stone HA (2007) Influence of substrate conductivity on circulation reversal in evaporating drops. Phys Rev Lett 99:234502. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.234502
Savino R, Fico S (2004) Transient Marangoni convection in hanging evaporating drops. Phys Fluids 16:3738–3754. doi:10.1063/1.1772380
Savino R, Monti R (1996) Buoyancy and surface-tension-driven convection in hanging-drop protein crystallizer. J Cryst Growth 165:308–318. doi:10.1016/0022-0248(96)00151-0
Tam D, Arnim VV, Mckinley GH, Hosoi AE (2009) Marangoni convection in droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces. J Fluid Mech 624:101–123. doi:10.1017/S0022112008005053
Tekin E, Smith PJ, Schubert US (2008) Inkjet printing as a deposition and patterning tool for polymers and inorganic particles. Soft Matter 4:703–713. doi:10.1039/B711984D
Thokchom AK, Gupta A, Jaijus PJ, Singh A (2014) Analysis of fluid flow and particle transport in evaporating droplets exposed to infrared heating. Int J Heat Mass Transf 68:67–77. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.09.012
Thokchom AK, Swaminathan R, Singh A (2014) Fluid flow and particle dynamics inside an evaporating droplet containg live bacterial displaying chemotaxis. Langmuir 30:12144–12153. doi:10.1021/la502491e
Wen JT, Ho CM, Lillehoj PB (2013) Coffee ring aptasensor for rapid protein detection. Langmuir 29:8440–8446. doi:10.1021/la400224a
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India for financial support to carry out the research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pradhan, T.K., Panigrahi, P.K. (2018). Visualization of Motion Inside Droplets. In: Pradhan, A., Krishnamurthy, P. (eds) Selected Topics in Photonics. IITK Directions, vol 2. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5010-7_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5010-7_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-5009-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-5010-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)