Abstract
This chapter examines Lin Yutang’s liberal political stance during his Shanghai years which coincided with the Nanjing Decade (1927–1937) in modern Chinese history. After a meticulous account on his relationship with Lu Xun during this period, the chapter moves on to reveal his affinity with Hu Shi as a member of the Fair Society, and highlights his liberal political disposition in struggling against the “double dangers of Bolshevism and Fascism” (in his own words) with further detailed analysis of his involvement in the China League for Civil Rights and the pen fights with the Left League headed by Lu Xun.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Works Cited
Cai Yuanpei 蔡元培. Letter to Hu Shi, in Hu Shi riji quanbian 胡适日记全编 (Complete Diaries of Hu Shi), Vol. 6, Hefei: Anhui jiaoyu chubanshe, 2001.
———. and Lin Yutang. Letter to Hu Shi, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan. 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
Chen Jianhua. “The Discursive Turn of ‘Revolution’ and the Revolutionary Turn of ‘Discourse’: From the Late Qing to the End of the 1920s,” trans. Lucas Klein, Contemporary Chinese Thought, vol. 44, no. 1, Fall 2012.
Chen Zishan. “‘Fair Society’ (Pingshe) in the Diaries of Hu Shi and Lin Yutang,” in The Cross-cultural Legacy of Lin Yutang: Critical Perspectives, edited by Qian Suoqiao, The Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, 2015, 95–111.
Dong Dazhong 董大中. Lu Xun yu Lin Yutang 鲁迅与林语堂 (Lu Xun and Lin Yutang). Shijiazhuang: Hebei renmin chubanshe, 2003.
Feng Xuefeng 冯雪峰. Huiyi Lu Xun 回忆鲁迅 (Reminiscences of Lu Xun), Beijing: Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 1957.
“Forged Appeal on Prisons,” From Our Own Correspondent, in The North-China Herald (March 1, 1933): 331.
Guang Luo 光落. “Lu Xun” 鲁迅, Beixin 北新, Vol. 3 No. 1 (January 1, 1929).
Hu Shi 胡适. “The Rights of Man,” trans. John P. Chang, in China’s Own Critics: A Selection of Essays by Hu Shih [Hu Shi] and Lin Yu-Tang [Lin Yutang], edited by T’ang Leang-Li. Tientsin (Tianjin): The China United Press, 1931.
———. “Women zou natiao lu” (Which Road Shall We Take), in China’s Own Critics.
———. Letter to Cai Yuanpei and Lin Yutang, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
———. Letter to the Editor of The Yenching Gazette, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
Isaacs, Harold R. Re-encounters in China: Notes of a Journey in a Time Capsule, Armonk, New York: M. E. Sharpe, 1985.
“League for Civil Rights,” The North China Herald, January 4, 1933.
Lin Yutang. “Marxism, Sun-Yatsenism and Communism in China,” The People’s Tribune (August 4, 1927).
———. “Making China Safe For Kuomintang,” The People’s Tribune (August 12, 1927).
———. “Lusin,” The China Critic (December 6, 1928): 547–548.
———. “The Little Critic,” The China Critic (August 21, 1930): 804–805.
———. “The Little Critic,” The China Critic (August 28, 1930): 828–829.
———. “The Little Critic,” The China Critic (11 September 1930): 874–875.
———. “Han Fei as a Cure for Modern China,” The China Critic (October 9, 1930): 964–967.
———. Letters of a Chinese Amazon and Wartime Essays, Shanghai: The Commercial Press, 1930.
———. “For a Civic Liberty Union,” The China Critic (November 3, 1932): 1157–1158.
———. “On Freedom of Speech,” The China Critic (9 March 1933): 264–265.
———. “Gu Hongming”辜鸿铭, Renjianshi, No. 12 (Oct. 5, 1934): 37.
———. “Biming de lanyong” 笔名的滥用 (On the Abuse of Pen Names), Renjianshi No. 16 (Dec. 5, 1934): 24.
———. “You Hang zaiji” 游杭再记 (An Excursion to Hangzhou), Lunyu Vol. 55 (Dec. 16, 1934): 316–317.
———. “I Daren’t Go To Hangzhou,” The China Critic, VII (March 28, 1935): 304. “Wo bo gan you Hang” 我不敢游杭, Lunyu No. 64 (May 1, 1935): 773–774.
———. “Si tan luosiding” 四谈螺丝钉 (Conversations on Screws, No. 4), Yuzhoufeng No. 6, (Dec. 1, 1935): 276–277.
———. “Dao Lu Xun” 悼鲁迅 (In Memoriam of Lu Xun), Yuzhou feng 宇宙风 (This Human World) Vol. 32 (1937): 394–395.
———. Letter to Hu Shi, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
Litten, Frederick. S. “The Noulens Case,” The China Quarterly, no. 138, (June 1994): 492–512.
Lu Xun 鲁迅. Lu Xun quanji 鲁迅全集 (The complete works of Lu Xun). 18 vols. Beijing: Renmin wenxue chubanshe, 2005.
———. ed. “Guanyu Zi jian Nanzi” 关于子见南子 (About “Confucius Saw Nancy”) in Lu Xun quanji (The Complete Works of Lu Xun), Vol. 8.
———. “Riji” 日记 (Diaries) in Lu Xun quanji, vol. 14, vol. 15.
———. “Zhaotie jiche” 招贴即扯 (Tear Down Labels), Lu Xun quanji, vol. 6, pp. 227–228.
———. “Tiansheng manxing” 天生蛮性 (Innate Unyielding Character), Lu Xun quanji, vol. 8, p. 388.
———. “Yinshi” 隐士 (Recluse), in Lu Xun quanji, vol. 6, p. 224.
———. “You buwei zhai” “有不为斋” (House of Non-Action), Lu Xun quanji, vol. 8, p. 392.
———. “Zhi Lin Yutang” 致林语堂 (Letter to Lin Yutang), in Lu Xun quanji, vol.12, pp. 400–401.
Lu Xun yanjiu ziliao 鲁迅研究资料 (Lu Xun Study Materials) Vol. 1, Ed. Lu Xun Museum, Wenwu chubanshe, 1976.
“Mrs. Sun Yat-sen Heads Civil Rights League,” The China Weekly Review (December 31, 1932).
Ni Moyan 倪墨炎. “Wei Lin Yutang bianzheng yijian shi” 为林语堂辩证一件事 (Defending and Rectifying One Thing for Lin Yutang), Xinmin wanbao [Shanghai] (Feb. 18, 1982).
———. Lu Xun de shehui huodong 鲁迅的社会活动 (Lu Xun’s Social Activities), Shanghai, Shanghai renmin chubanshe, 2006.
Shang Mingxuan 尚明轩Ed. Song Qingling nianpu changbian 宋庆龄年谱长编 (Extensive Annals of Song Qingling). Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2009.
Shao Jian 邵建. Ershi shiji de liangge zhishifenzi—Hu Shi yu Lu Xun二十世纪的两个知识分子—胡适与鲁迅 (Two Intellectuals of the 20th Century—Hu Shi and Lu Xun), Beijing: Guangming ribao chubanshe, 2008.
Shi Jianwei 施建伟. Lin Yutang zhuan 林语堂传 (Biography of Lin Yutang). Beijing: Beijing shiyue wenyi, 1999.
Smedley, Agnes. Letter to Hu Shi, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
Snow, Helen Foster. My China Years. New York: William Morrow, 1984.
———. Battle Hymn of China. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1943.
Sohigian, Diran John. “Confucius and the Lady in Question: Power Politics, Cultural Production and the Performance of Confucius Saw Nanzi in China in 1929” in Twentieth-Century China 36.1 (January, 2011): 23–43.
T’ang Leang-Li, “Preface,” in China’s Own Critics: A Selection of Essays by Hu Shih [Hu Shi] and Lin Yu-Tang [Lin Yutang], edited by T’ang Leang-Li. Tientsin (Tianjin): The China United Press, 1931.
Wan Pingjin 万平近. Lin Yutang pingzhuan 林语堂评传 (A Biographical Commentary on Lin Yutang). Chongqing: Chongqing chubanshe, 1996.
Wang Xiaoming 王晓明. Lu Xun zhuan 鲁迅传 (A Biography of Lu Xun). Shanghai: Shanghai wenyi, 1993.
Wong, Lawrence Wang-chi. “Lions and Tigers in Groups: The Crescent Moon School in Modern Chinese Literary History” in Kird A. Denton and Michel Hockx eds., Literary Societies in Republican China, Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books, 2008, 279–312.
Yang Kuisong 杨奎松. Minguo renwu guoyan lu 民国人物过眼录 (A Glimpse of Republican Figures). Guangzhou: Guangdong renmin chubanshe, 2009.
Yang Tianshi 杨天石. Jiangshi midang yu Jiang Jieshi zhenxiang 蒋氏密档与蒋介石真相 (Chiang Kai-shek: Secret Files and Truth). Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe, 2001.
Yang Xingfo 杨杏佛. Letter to Hu Shi, in Hu Shi laiwang shuxin xuan. 胡适来往书信选 (Selected Correspondences of Hu Shi), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1983.
Yu Dafu 郁达夫. “Huiyi Lu Xun” 回忆鲁迅 (Reminiscences about Lu Xun), in Yu Dafu quanji 郁达夫全集 (The Complete Works of Yu Dafu), vol. 4. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 2007.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Qian, S. (2017). Struggling Against the “Double Dangers of Bolshevism and Fascism”. In: Lin Yutang and China’s Search for Modern Rebirth. Canon and World Literature. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4657-5_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4657-5_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-4656-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-4657-5
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)