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Dual Behavior of Exosomes in Septic Cardiomyopathy

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Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 998))

Abstract

Sepsis is one of the main causes of ICU hospitalization worldwide, with a high mortality rate, and is associated with a large number of comorbidities. One of the main comorbidities associated with sepsis is septic cardiomyopathy. This process occurs mainly due to mechanisms of damage in the cardiovascular system that will lead to changes in cardiovascular physiology, such as decreased Ca2+ response, mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased β-adrenergic receptor response. Within this process the exosomes play an important role in the pathophysiology of this disease, in which the exosomal content is related to mechanisms that will trigger its development. After platelet activation through ROS exposition, exosomes containing high concentrations of NADPH are released in heart blood vessels, those exosomes will be internalized in endothelial cells leading to cell death and cardiac dysfunction. On the opposite, exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells contain miR-223, that have anti-inflammatory properties, are released in less quantities in septic patients causing an imbalance that leads to cardiac dysfunction.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Pharmacy, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil

    Valter Vinícius Silva Monteiro & Jordano Ferreira Reis

  2. Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Health Science Institute, Federal University of Pará/UFPA, Belém, PA, 66075900, Brazil

    Rafaelli de Souza Gomes, Kely Campos Navegantes & Marta Chagas Monteiro

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  1. Valter Vinícius Silva Monteiro
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  2. Jordano Ferreira Reis
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Correspondence to Marta Chagas Monteiro .

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  1. Shanghai University , Shanghai, China

    Junjie Xiao

  2. Victor Babeş National Institute of Patho , Bucharest, Romania

    Sanda Cretoiu

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Monteiro, V.V.S., Reis, J.F., de Souza Gomes, R., Navegantes, K.C., Monteiro, M.C. (2017). Dual Behavior of Exosomes in Septic Cardiomyopathy. In: Xiao, J., Cretoiu, S. (eds) Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 998. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_7

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