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Exosomes: Outlook for Future Cell-Free Cardiovascular Disease Therapy

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Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 998))

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the number one cause of death globally with an estimated 7.4 million people dying from coronary heart disease. Studies have been conducted to identify the therapeutic utility of exosomes in many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. It has been demonstrated that exosomes are immune modulators, can be used to treat cardiac ischemic injury, pulmonary hypertension and many other diseases, including cancers. Exosomes can be used as a biomarker for disease and cell-free drug delivery system for targeting the cells. Many studies suggest that exosomes can be used as a cell-free vaccine for many diseases. In this chapter, we explore the possibility of future therapeutic potential of exosomes in various cardiovascular diseases.

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Abbreviations

AAA:

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

AdMSCs:

Adipose-derived MSCs

ASCs:

Adipose stem cells

BMMSCs:

Bone marrow-derived MSCs

CVDs:

Cardiovascular diseases

EnMSCs:

Endometrium-derived MSCs

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

EVs:

Extracellular vesicles

FIZZ1:

Found in inflammatory zone 1

HIMF:

Hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor

HSP:

Heat shock protein

IL:

Interleukin

iPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

MCP1:

Monocyte chemotactic protein 1

MI:

Myocardial infarction

miRNA:

Micro RNA

mRNA:

Messenger RNA

MSC-CM:

MSC-derived condition medium

MSCs:

Mesenchymal stem cells

MVB:

Microvesicular body

nCPC:

Neonatal cardiac progenitor cell

nTCM:

Neonatal total condition medium

siRNAs:

Small interfering RNAs

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported, in part, by American Heart Association Grant-in-Aid 16GRNT30950010 and National Institutes of Health COBRE grant P20GM104936 (to JR).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Bahar Barani, Sheeja Rajasingh & Johnson Rajasingh Ph.D.

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Johnson Rajasingh Ph.D.

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  1. Bahar Barani
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  2. Sheeja Rajasingh
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Correspondence to Johnson Rajasingh Ph.D. .

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  1. Shanghai University , Shanghai, China

    Junjie Xiao

  2. Victor BabeÅŸ National Institute of Patho , Bucharest, Romania

    Sanda Cretoiu

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Barani, B., Rajasingh, S., Rajasingh, J. (2017). Exosomes: Outlook for Future Cell-Free Cardiovascular Disease Therapy. In: Xiao, J., Cretoiu, S. (eds) Exosomes in Cardiovascular Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 998. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_19

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