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Biliary Endoprosthesis

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Biliopancreatic Endoscopy

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Abstract

Biliary endoprosthesis was first reported by Soehendra and Reynder-Frederix in 1980 [1]. A cut end of an angiography catheter was inserted into the bile duct through a duodenoscope to relieve obstructive jaundice. Since the introduction of the original stent, the evolution of plastic stents and improvement of stent deployment systems were developed. However, the size of the stents was limited by the working channel of the duodenoscope. The working channel of an evolved duodenoscope for therapeutic purposes is 4.2 mm, which could maximally adapt an 11.5F stent. The limited inner diameter of plastic stent resulted in easy stent blockage from the development of bile film. Self-expanding metal stents (SEMSs) were used to overcome the limited inner diameter of the plastic stent and to prolong the stent patency. The first clinical trial for an endoscopically placed biliary metal stent using the biliary Wallstent was conducted by Huibregtse et al. in 1989 [2]. The inner diameter of the biliary Wallstent was 10 mm and was proved to have longer patency than the 10F plastic stent [3]. The design of the biliary metal stents has evolved to improve the conformity of the stent to the bile duct anatomy. The development of membrane coverage of SEMS to prevent tumor or tissue ingrowth could prolong the stent patency.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Nai-Jen Liu M.D.

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  1. Nai-Jen Liu M.D.
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Correspondence to Nai-Jen Liu M.D. .

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  1. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Kwok-Hung Lai

  2. Show-Chwan Health Care System, Chang-Hua, Taiwan

    Lein-Ray Mo

  3. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Hsiu-Po Wang

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Liu, NJ. (2018). Biliary Endoprosthesis. In: Lai, KH., Mo, LR., Wang, HP. (eds) Biliopancreatic Endoscopy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4367-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4367-3_7

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