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E-Democracy for Smart Cities pp 259–279Cite as

Smart Water Management and eDemocracy in India

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Part of the book series: Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements ((ACHS))

Abstract

Water management has become a key issue in the 21st century, with increasing population, economic growth and climatic variability. Water is a stressed resource in India. Annual per capita water availability is expected to decline to 1140 m3 by 2050, from 1545 m3 in 2011 (Government of India in Water management, [1]). With 45% of population living in urban areas by 2050 (Shukla in How India earns, spends and saves: unmasking the real India. Sage Publications, India, [2]), the availability of water will become a paramount issue. The availability of water is fundamental element to human life, economy and political stability and hence, sustainable water management is critical for existence. Government of India has launched a Smart City Mission for building 100 Smart Cities, in which 24 × 7 availability of water is one of the major emphasis. Traditionally water allocation decisions have been the exclusive domain of technical experts, public officials or political interests, but now there is a shift towards participative involvement of other stakeholders, namely citizens. Adequate water being the essential input in Smart City, calls for an inclusive and participatory management of this resource which extends beyond the city limits. Smart Water management in cities seeks to address challenges in the urban water management through integration of ICT and eDemocracy. Hydro-Informatic approache that is data driven and is technology  based can form the basis of analyzing the complexities in water management, particularly in water scarce areas. This chapter looks into inclusive and eDemocratic measures for planning of water smart cities. The need is to develop eDemocracy based collaborative planning efforts to tackle pervading water issues.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Zing is a small storage tank for collecting water melted from glaciers.

  2. 2.

    Kul is channels for carrying water from glaciers to villages.

  3. 3.

    Kui is deep tanks 10-12 meters in depth used for collection of water.

  4. 4.

    Johad is an earthen checkdam used in the states of Haryana and Rajasthan, India, that collects and stores water throughout the year, to be used for the purpose of drinking by humans and cattle.

  5. 5.

    Baandh is a dam to contain the flow of water.

  6. 6.

    Bangalore city’s name was changed to Bengaluru in November 2014 (http://www.karnataka.com/govt/karnataka-city-name-changes/).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geospatial Information Technology Consultant, Visiting Faculty, School of Planning and Architecture, 4, Block-B, I. P. Estate, New Delhi, India

    Prabh Bedi

  2. School of Planning and Architecture, 4, Block-B, I. P. Estate, New Delhi, India

    Neha Goel Tripathi

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  1. Prabh Bedi
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  2. Neha Goel Tripathi
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Correspondence to Prabh Bedi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. New Delhi (SPA-D), School of Planning and Architecture, Kerala, India

    T.M. Vinod Kumar

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Bedi, P., Tripathi, N.G. (2017). Smart Water Management and eDemocracy in India. In: Vinod Kumar, T. (eds) E-Democracy for Smart Cities. Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4035-1_8

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