Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands Dispute

Itoh, Mayumi

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4008-5_9

Mayumi Itoh²

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Abstract

Chapter 9 examines the Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands dispute between China and Japan, assesses Zhou’s views on the dispute in the light of the current Chinese policy on this territorial dispute, and explores how President Xi Jinping should learn from Zhou’s stance on the territorial dispute.

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Notes

1.
“Senkaku Islands,” March 6, 2015, http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/a_o/c_m1/senkaku/page1w_000015.html.
2.
“Shimazu-shi no Ryūkyū shinkō” (Shimazu’s Ryūkyū Expedition), http://www.archives.pref.okinawa.jp/publication/2014/03/post-168.html, March 31, 2014. There are conflicting views on the early history. See Nicholas D. Kristof/Han-yi Shaw, “The Inconvenient Truth Behind the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands, New York Times, September 19, 2012; Han-yi Shaw, The Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands Dispute: Its History and an Analysis of the Ownership Claims of the P.R.C., R.O.C. and Japan, Baltimore, MD: University of Maryland School of Law, 1999.
3.
Kristof/Shaw; Nakauchi Yasuo, “Senkaku-shotō o meguru mondai to Nitchū-kankei: Nihon no ryōdo hen’nyū kara kon’nichi made no keika to kongo no kadai” (Issues concerning Senkaku Islands and Sino-Japanese Relations: Details of Japanese Incorporation and Future Issues), Rippō to chōsa, No. 334, November 2012, 70–71 and 73–74.
4.
Nakauchi, 70–71 and 73–74.
5.
Ibid. Taishō Island was nationalized in July 1921.
6.
Ibid.
7.
Ibid., 71–72; “Okinawa no Beigun-kichi” (US Military Bases in Okinawa), 328–329, July 1, 2003, http://www.pref.okinawa.jp/kititaisaku/DP-07-01-03.pdf; Kerry Dumbaugh (coordinator), “China’s Maritime Territorial Claims: Implications for U.S. Interests,” CRS Report for Congress, November 12, 2001, http://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=446508, 20–21. Koga “Zenji” is misspelled in Dumbaugh.
8.
“Senkaku Islands”; Nakauchi, 72.
9.
Nakauchi, 72.
10.
Dumbaugh, 21–22; “60–70 nendai gaikō bunsho kōkai” (Diplomatic Archives of the 1960s and 1970s Released to the Public), Chūnichi Shimbun (also circulated as Tokyo Shimbun), July 25, 2014.
11.
Ibid. (both).
12.
“60–70 nendai gaikō bunsho kōkai.”
13.
Ibid.; “Office of the Historian,” US Department of State, http://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/mcconaughy-walter-patrick, accessed March 17, 2015.
14.
“60–70 nendai gaikō bunsho kōkai”; Nakauchi, 72–73.
15.
“Okinawa no Beigun-kichi”; Nakauchi, 71–72.
16.
Ibid. (both).
17.
Dumbaugh, 22. For details, see Robert D. Eldridge, The Origin of U.S. Policy in the East China Sea Islands Dispute: Okinawa’s Reversion and the Senkaku Islands, London: Routledge, 2013.
18.
Ibid.
19.
Ibid., 22–25; “Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between Japan and the United States of America,” http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/n-america/us/q&a/ref/1.html, accessed May 3, 2015.
20.
Ibid. For details, see Mark Manyin, “Senkaku (Diayu/Diaoyutai) Islands Dispute: U.S. Treaty Obligations,” Congressional Research Service, 7, January 2013.
21.
“Nitchū-gaikō wa kōshite hajimatta” (This is How the Sino-Japanese Diplomacy Began), September 30, 2012, http://matome.naver.jp/odai/2134917025274577601; “Kenshō: Chōgyo-tō ryōyūken mondai ni kansuru Chūnichi-kan no ‘tanaage gōi’” (Assessment: Sino-Japanese “Agreement to Shelve” for Issue of Sovereignty over Diaoyu Islands), January 15, 2013, http://j.people.com.cn/94474/8093454.html.
22.
“Kenshō.”
23.
Ibid.
24.
Ibid.
25.
Nakauchi, 75; “United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,” https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetailsIII.aspx?&src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=XXI~6&chapter=21&Temp=mtdsg3&lang=en, accessed March 13, 2015.
26.
Nakauchi, 75.
27.
Ibid., 76.
28.
Ibid., 71–72 and 76.
29.
“Senkaku-shotō wa Nihon ryōdo” (Senkaku Islands Are Japanese Territories), Okinawa Times, September 24, 2002.
30.
Nakauchi, 76.
31.
“Kokumintō-shuseki Gō Hakuyū kōshiki hōnichi” (KMT President Wu Po-hsiung Made Official Visit to Japan), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 12, 2008.
32.
“Senkaku-shotō de Chūgoku-gyosen ga Kaijō-hoanchō junshisen ni shōtotsu” (Chinese Trawler Crashed into Japan Coast Guard Patrol Boats near the Senkaku Islands), Asahi Shimbun, September 7, 2010.
33.
“Nitchū-kōryū-jigyō chūshi nado 20-ken-chō” (More Than 20 Sino-Japanese Exchange Projects Cancelled), Chūnichi Shimbun, September 23, 2010.
34.
“Chūgoku 3-toshi de sūsen-nin no han’nichi-demo” (Three Cities in China Held Anti-Japanese Demonstration), Asahi Shimbun, October 17, 2010.
35.
Ibid.
36.
“‘Senkaku wa Nichibei-anpo tekiyō taishō’ Kurinton-chōkan, meigen” (Secretary Clinton Declares “Senkakus Are Under Purview of US–Japan Security Treaty”), Asahi Shimbun, September 24, 2010; “Kurinton-chōkan, Chūgoku gaishō to kaidan” (Secretary Clinton Meets Chinese Foreign Minister), Chūnichi Shimbun, October 31, 2010.
37.
“Shū Onrai moto-shushō no shihi, kiiro penki kakerareru” (Yellow Paint Poured on the Memorial Poem Stone of Former Premier Zhou Enlai), Chūnichi Shimbun October 1, 2010.
38.
Ibid.
39.
Nakauchi, 73n17.
40.
“Seika-daigaku-kyōju ga kataru Chūgoku no tachiba” (Tsinghua University Professor Explains China’s Position), Chūnichi Shimbun, October 1, 2010.
41.
“Kenshō”; “Senkaku ‘tanaage’ de dōchō” (Agreed to “Shelve” the Senkaku [Issue]), Chūnichi Shimbun, September 21, 2012.
42.
Ibid. (both).
43.
“Senkaku ‘hikōkai no bunsho’ sōfu, Shū-kyōju, tōkyoku mondaishi-ka” (Authorities Consider Professor Zhu’s Sending of “Classified Document” on Senkakus Problematic), Chūnichi Shimbun, September 26, 2013.
44.
“Senkaku ‘genjō-iji’ no gōi akasu” ([Suzuki] Disclosed the Agreement on “Maintaining the Status Quo” of Senkakus), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 31, 2014.
45.
“Senkaku ‘genjō-iji’ de gōi” (Agreement on “Maintaining the Status Quo” of Senkakus), Asahi Shimbun, January 1, 2015.
46.
Nakauchi, 77 and 77n28.
47.
Ibid.; “Tokyo-to Senkaku-shotō kifukin uketsuke jōkyō” (Contributions to Tokyo Government for Senkaku Islands), September 13, 2012, http://megalodon.jp/2012-0914-1401-42/www.chijihon.metro.tokyo.jp/senkaku_kifu.htm.
48.
Sasa Atsuyuki, “Ishihara-tochiji ga naze Amerika de Senkaku o kau to itta shinsō” (True Reason Why Governor Ishihara Announced Purchase of Senkakus in the United States), May 2, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FWmDt0kXy_E.
49.
Nicolas D. Kristof, “Would You Fight for These Islands?,” New York Times, October 20, 1996; “The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project: Ambassador Walter F. Mondale,” April 27, 2004, http://www.adst.org/OHTOCs/Mondale, Walter F.toc.pdf.
50.
“Shū Kinpei-shi, ‘kakushin-teki rieki’ to hatsugen” (Mr. Xi Jinping Refers to [Senkakus] as “Core Interest”), May 3, 2012, http://www.47news.jp/CN/201205/CN2012050301001691.html.
51.
Nakauchi, 72n12 and 77n30.
52.
Ibid., 78.
53.
“China Marks ‘National Humiliation Day’ with Anti-Japanese Protests,” Christian Science Monitor, September 18, 2012.
54.
Ibid.; “Chūgoku de ‘Chōgyo-tō bīru’” (“Diaoyu Island Beer” Sold in China), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 26, 2014.
55.
“Chūgokuki ni yoru ryōkū shinpan ni tsuite” (On the Intrusion into Territorial Airspace by Chinese Aircraft), December 13, 2012, http://www.mod.go.jp/j/press/news/2012/12/13b.html.
56.
Chūgoku no bōkūken tekkai motomeru” ([Abe] Demanded Retraction of Air Defense Zone), Asahi Shimbun, November 25, 2013.
57.
Ibid.; “ICAO FIR WORLD,” http://gis.icao.int/flexviewer/, accessed January 1, 2015.
58.
“Chūgoku, bōkū-shikibetsuken no ‘keikoku’ sakujo” (China Removed “Warning” for the Air Defense Identification Zone), Asahi Shimbun, December 28, 2014.
59.
Dumbaugh, 22–25.
60.
Ibid.; “Obama-daitōryō ‘Senkaku wa Anpo taishō’ meigen” (President Obama Declares “Senkakus Are Under Purview of Security Treaty”), Asahi Shimbun, April 24, 2014.
61.
“Sango mitsuryō no utagai, Chūgokujin senchō taiho” (Chinese Captain Arrested for Suspicion of Coral Poaching, Chūnichi Shimbun, November 23, 2014.
62.
Ibid.
63.
“‘Hoppō-ryōdo’ shūhen de Rosia-gawa no gyosen daho konzetsu sezu” (Russia Continues to Seize Japanese Fishing Boats in “Northern Territories”), Sankei Shimun, February 7, 2013.
64.
“Chinese President’s Delegation Tied to Illegal Ivory Purchases During Africa Visit,” New York Times, November 5, 2014.
65.
“Chūgoku gunkan no Senkaku sekkin, Shū-shushū no ikōka” (President Xi Might be Directing Chinese Military Fleets to Approach Senkakus), Asahi Shimbun, December 30, 2014.
66.
Ibid.
67.
“Sokomadeitte-iinkai” (TV political talk show), June 7, 2015, http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2t0tha_Sokomadeitteiinkai-150607-1_news.
68.
Ibid.
69.
Ibid.
70.
“Chūgoku, Senkaku kinkai ni gunji-kyoten seibi” (China Built a Military Base Near Senkakus), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 22, 2014.
71.
“Chūgoku no gunji-shisetsu ka Nansa-shotō ni tsugitsugi kensetsu” (What Appeared to be Chinese Military Facilities Are Being Built in the Spratly Islands One after Another), Asahi Shimbun, August 29, 2014.
72.
Ibid.; David E. Sanger and Ric Gladstone, “Piling Sand in a Disputed Sea, China Literally Gains Ground,” New York Times, April 9, 2015.
73.
Martin Fackler, “In a Test of Wills, Japanese Fighter Pilots Confront Chinese,” New York Times, March 9, 2015; “Senkaku jōkū no hikō-chōsa jishuku yōsei” ([Government] Requested Voluntary Restriction on Aerial Survey over the Senkaku Islands), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 24, 2014.
74.
“Chūgoku gunkai 2-seki ga Senkaku ni sai-sekkin” (Two Chinese Military Fleets Approached Closest to Senkakus), Asahi Shimbun, December 30, 2014; “Chūgoku-kokka-kaiyōkyoku, Senkaku-shotō ryōyūken no apīru saito tachiage” (China’s State Oceanic Administration Created Internet Site to Proclaim Sovereignty over Senkakus), Asahi Shimbun, December 31, 2014.
75.
Warera no hoppō-ryōdo (Japan’s Northern Territories), Tokyo: Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2006, 6; “Medovedevu-daitōryō Kunashiri-tō hōmon (President Medvedev Visits Kunashiri Island), Asahi Shimbun, November 2, 2010; “Nichi-ro heiwa-jōyaku teiketsu mondai ni ‘kon’nan’ Rosia-kōkan” (Russian High-Ranking Official States that the Matter of Conclusion of a Russo-Japanese Peace Treaty Would be “Difficult”), Chūnichi Shimbun, December 13, 2016.
76.
“Higashi-Shinakai niokeru Nitchū-kan no kyōryoku nitsuite” (On Cooperation between China and Japan in the East China Sea), http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/china/higashi_shina/press.html, June 18, 2008.

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Princeton, New Jersey, USA
Mayumi Itoh

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Itoh, M. (2017). Senkaku (Diaoyu) Islands Dispute. In: The Making of China’s Peace with Japan. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4008-5_9

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4008-5_9
Published: 14 May 2017
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-4007-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-4008-5
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