Abstract
Ongoing global climate changes caused by human induced greenhouse gases (GHGs) represent one of the biggest problems in the twenty-first century. Terrestrial ecosystems play a major role in such climate change feedbacks because they release and absorb greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) while storing large quantities of carbon (C) in living vegetation and soils, thereby acting as a significant global C sink. The influence of climate change on the soil C sink remains a major area of uncertainty, especially as there is scope for warming induced liberation of CO2 from soil to atmosphere due to enhanced microbial decomposition. The consequences of increased C flux from roots to soil for microbial communities and C exchange are difficult to predict, because they will vary substantially with factors such as plant identity, soil-food-web interactions, soil fertility and a range of other ecosystem properties. The interrelationship of soil microbes and C exchange include: (1) increases in soil C loss by respiration and as dissolved organic C due to stimulation of microbial abundance and activity; (2) stimulation of microbial biomass and immobilization of soil N, thereby limiting N availability to plants, creating a negative feedback that constrains future increases in plant growth and C transfer to soil; and (3) increased plant-microbial competition for N, leading to reduced soil N availability and microbial activity and suppression of microbial decomposition leading to increased C accumulation. In this chapter we will assess the complex interactions among plant, soil and microorganisms that influence climate change scenario.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bardgett RD, Bowman WD, Kaufmann R, Schmidt SK (2005) A temporal approach to linking aboveground and belowground ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 20:634–641
Bernhardt ES, Barber JJ, Pippen JS, Taneva L, Andrews JA, Schlesinger WH (2006) Long-term effects of free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on soil respiration. Biogeochemistry 77:91–116
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Neogi S, Dash PK, Nayak AK, Mohanty S, Baig MJ, Sarkar RK, Rao KS (2013a) Impact of elevated CO2 and temperature on soil C and N dynamics in relation to CH4 and N2O emissions from tropical flooded rice (Oryzasativa L.). Sci Total Environ 461–462:601–611
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Neogi S, Manna MC, Adhya TK, Rao KS, Nayak AK (2013b) Influence of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on belowground carbon allocation and enzyme activities in tropical flooded soil planted to rice. Environ Monit Assess 185:8659–8671
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Das M, Ray S, Balachandar D, Karthikeyan S, Nayak AK, Mohapatra T (2016) Elucidation of rice rhizosphere metagenome in relation to methane andnitrogen metabolism under elevated carbon dioxide and temperatureusing whole genome metagenomic approach. Sci Total Environ 542:886–898
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Dash PK, Neogi S, Shahid M, Nayak AK, Raja R, Karthikeyan S, Balachandar D, Rao KS (2014) Effect of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on phosphorusuptake in tropical flooded rice (Oryzasativa L.). Eur J Agron 53:28–37
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Neogi S, Adhya TK, Rao KS, Manna MC (2012a) Effects of rice straw and nitrogen fertilization on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon storage in tropical flooded soil planted with rice. Soil Tillage Res 124:119–130
Bhattacharyya P, Roy KS, Neogi S, Chakravorti SP, Behera KS, Das KM, Bardhan S, Rao KS (2012b) Effect of long term application of organic amendment on C storage in relation to global warming potential and biological activities in tropical flooded soil planted to rice. Nutr Cycling Agroecosyst 94:273–285
Burns RG, Dick RP (2002) Enzymes in the environment: activity, ecology and applications. Marcel Dekker, New York
Caldwell B (2005) Enzyme activities as a component of soil biodiversity: a review. Pedobiologia 49:637–644
Dakora FD, Drake BG (2000) Elevated CO2 stimulates associative N2 fixation in aC3 plant of the Chesapeake Bay wetland. Plant Cell Environ 23:943–953
Finzi AC, Sinsabaugh RL, Long TM, Osgood MP (2006) Microbial community responses to atmospheric CO2 enrichment in a Pinustaeda forest. Ecosystems 9:215–226
Friedlingstein P, Cox P, Betts R, Bopp L, Von Bloh W, Brovkin V (2006) Climate-carbon cycle feedback analysis: results from the (CMIP)-M-4 model inter-comparison. J Clim 19:3337–3353
Heath J, Ayres E, Possell M, Bardgett RD, Black HIJ, Grant H (2005) Rising atmospheric CO2 reduces soil carbon sequestration. Science 309:1711–1713
Heimann M, Reichstein M (2008) Terrestrial ecosystem carbon dynamics and climate feedbacks. Nature 451:289–292
Hodge A, Paterson E, Grayston SJ, Campbell CD, Ord BG, Killham K (1998) Characterisation and microbial utilization of exudates material from the rhizosphere of Loliumperenne grown under CO2 enrichment. Soil Biol Biochem 30:1033–1043
Hogberg P, Read DJ (2006) Towards a more plant physiological perspective on soil ecology. Trends in Ecol Evol 21:548–554
Horz HP, Barbrook A, Field CB, Bohannan BJM (2004) Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria respond to multifactorial global change. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:15136–15141
Hu S, Chapin FS, Firestone MK, Field CB, Chiariello NR (2001) Nitrogen limitation of microbial decomposition in a grassland under elevated CO2. Nature 409:188–191
Johnson D, Kresk M, Stott AW, Cole L, Bardgett RD, Read DJ (2005) Soil invertebrates disrupt carbon flow through fungal networks. Science 309:1047
Keel SG, Siegwolf RTW, Korner C (2006) Canopy CO2 enrichment permits tracing the fate of recently assimilated carbon in a mature deciduous forest. New Phytol 172:319–329
Lal R (2004) Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change. Geoderma 123:1–22
Lele U (2010) Food security for a billion poor. Science 326:1554
Li D, Zhu H, Liu K, Liu X, Leggewie G, Udvardi M, Wang D (2002) Purple acid phosphatases of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 277:27772–27781
Lüscher A, Hartwig UA, Suter D, Nosberger J (2000) Direct evidence that symbiotic N2 fixation in fertile grassland is an important trait for a strong response ofplants to elevated atmospheric CO2. Glob Change Biol 6:655–662
Marcel GA, Heijden VD, Bardgett RD, Van Straalen NM (2008) The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett 11:296–310
Montealegre CM, Van Kessel C, Blumenthal JM, Hur HG, Hartwig UA, Sadowsky MJ (2000) Elevated atmospheric CO2 alters microbial population structure in a pasture ecosystem. Global Change Biol 6:475–482
Nannipieri P, Kandeler E, Ruggiero P (2002) Enzyme activities and microbiological and biochemical processes in soil. In: Burns RG, Dick RP (eds) Enzymes in the environment: activity, ecology and applications. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 1–33
Niklaus PA, Alphei J, Ebersberger D, Kamphikler C, Kandler E, Tscherko D (2003) Six years of in situ CO2 enrichment evoke changes in soil structure and soil biota of nutrient-poor grassland. Global Change Biol 9:585–600
Norby RJ, Ledford J, Reilly CD, Miller NE, O’Neill EG (2004) Fine-root production dominates response of a deciduous forest to atmospheric CO2 enrichment. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:9689–9693
Reich PB, Hungate BA, Luo Y (2006) Carbon-nitrogen interactions in terrestrial ecosystems in responseto rising atmospheric carbon dioxide. Ann Rev Ecol Environ Syst 37:611–636
Rillig MC, Wright SF, Kimball BA, Leavitt SW (2001) Elevated carbon dioxide and irrigation effects on water stable aggregates in a Sorghum field: a possible role for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Global Change Biol 7:333–337
Ross DJ, Newton PCD, Tate KR (2004) Elevated CO2 effects on herbage production and soil carbon and nitrogen pools and mineralization in a species-rich, grazedpasture on a seasonally dry sand. Plant Soil 260:183–196
Roy KS, Bhattacharyya P, Nayak AK, Sharma SG, Uprety DC (2015) Growth and nitrogen allocation of dry season tropical riceas a result of carbon dioxide fertilization and elevated nighttime temperature. Nutr Cycling Agroecosyst 103:293–309
Roy KS, Bhattacharyya P, Neogi S, Rao KS, Adhya TK (2012) Combined effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on dry matter production, net assimilation rate, C and N allocations in tropical rice (Oryzasativa L.). Field Crops Res 139:71–79
Saiya-Cork KR, Sinsabaugh RL, Zak DR (2002) The effects of long term nitrogen deposition on extracellular enzyme activity in an Acer saccharum forest soil. Soil Biol Biochem 34:1309–1315
Sinsabaugh RL (2005) Fungal enzymes at the community scale. In: Dighton J, Oudermans P, White J (eds) The fungal community, 3rd edn. CRC Press, New York, pp 237–247
Sinsabaugh RL, Carreiro MM, Repert DA (2002) Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition, and mass loss. Biogeochemistry 60:1–24
Tabatabai MA, Garcia-Manzanedo AM, Acosta-Martinez V (2002) Substrate specificity in arylamidase in soils. Soil Biol Biochem 34:103–110
Taneva L, Pippen JS, Schlesinger WH, Gonzalez-Meler MA (2006) The turnover of carbon pools contributing to soil CO2 and soil respiration in a temperate forest exposed to elevated CO2 concentration. Global Change Biol 12:983–994
Tarnawski S, Aragno M (2006) The influence of elevated CO2 on diversity, activity and biogeochemical function of rhizosphere and soil bacterial communities. In: Nosberger J, Long SP, Norby RJ (eds) Managed ecosystems and CO2-case studies, processes and perspectives, Ecological studies series, vol 187. Springer, Berlin, pp 393–409
Tester M, Langridge P (2010) Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world. Science 327:818–822
Treseder KK, Egerton-Warbuton LM, Allen MF, Cheng Y, Oechel WC (2003) Alteration of soil carbon pools and communities of mycorrhizal fungi in chaparral exposed to elevated CO2. Ecosystems 6:786–796
Van der Heijden MGA, Bardgett RD, van Straalen NM (2008) The unseen majority: soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol Lett 11:296–310
van Groenigen KJ, Six J, Hungate BA, de Graaf M, van Breeman N, van Kessel C (2006) Element interactions limit soil carbon storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:6571–6574
Versaw WK, Harrison MJ (2002) A chloroplast phosphate transporter, PHT2; 1, influences allocation of phosphate within the plant and phosphate-starvation responses. Plant Cell 14:1751–1766
Woodward FI, Lomas MR, Kelly CK (2004) Global climate and the distribution of plant biomes. Proc R Soc London, Ser B 359:1465–1476
Yang LX, Huang JY, Yang HJ, Dong GC, Liu G, Zhu JG, Wang YL (2006) Seasonal changes in the effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on dry matter production and distribution of rice (Oryzasativa L.). Field Crops Res 98:12–19
Yang LX, Huang JY, Yang HJ, Dong GC, Liu G, Zhu JG, Wang YL (2007) Seasonal changes in the effects of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) on nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization of rice at three levels of N fertilization. Field Crops Res 100:189–199
Zak DR, Pregitzer KS, King JS, Holmes WE (2000) Elevated atmospheric CO2, fine roots and the response of soil microorganism: a review and hypotesis. New Phytol 147:201–222
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bhattacharyya, P., Roy, K.S., Neogi, S. (2017). Changes in Soil–Plant–Microbes Interactions in Anticipated Climatic Change Conditions. In: Rakshit, A., Abhilash, P., Singh, H., Ghosh, S. (eds) Adaptive Soil Management : From Theory to Practices. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3638-5_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3638-5_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3637-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3638-5
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)