Abstract
With the introduction of the Ten Million Plan, the Japanese government encouraged its citizens to travel overseas with the goal of reaching 10 million outbound travelers by the year 1990. The intent was partially to offset Japan’s trade imbalance during the 1980s. The plan was successful with the stronger yen and Japanese travelers’ propensity to buy duty-free products and omiyage . However, this negative balance shifted to a surplus in 2015 for the first time in 55 years, with overseas visitors to Japan spending more money than Japanese abroad. The strengthening of economies throughout other countries in the Asia Pacific region have changed the make up of overseas visitors to destinations in the region that previously saw mainly Japanese tourists. Still, Japan has continued to consistently produce relatively high numbers of overseas travelers but DMOs and other tourism organizations must monitor visitor perceptions by market and implement sound strategies in order to continue satisfying various markets’ needs and expectations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Crotts JC, Erdmann R (2000) Does national culture influence consumers’ evaluation of travel services? A test of Hofstede’s model of cross-cultural differences. Manag Serv Qual 10(6):410
Manzur L, Jogaratnam G (2006) Impression management and the hospitality service encounter: cross-cultural differences. J Travel Tourism Mark 20(3/4):21–32
MOTC (2016) Outbound Departures of Nationals of Republic of China. Tourism Bureau, M.O.T.C. Republic of China (Taiwan). http://admin.taiwan.net.tw/statistics/year_en.aspx?no=15. Accessed 7 Apr 2016
Schumann FR, Li N (2014) Monitoring Perceptions of hotel guest satisfaction by source market. S Asian J Tourism Heritage 7(1):3–19
Takajiro M (2016) Tourism emerges as new economic pillar: travel surplus in 2015 nears ¥1 trillion. Nippon.com. Nippon Communications Foundation, 18 January 2016. http://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00130/. Accessed 19 Jan 2016
UNWTO (2015) UNWTO tourism highlights. World tourism organization, 2015th edn. Madrid, WTO
U.S. Department of Commerce (2015a) 2015 ITA travel and tourism top markets report. National travel and tourism office. International trade administration, industry and analysis
U.S. Department of Commerce (2015b) Top 10 international markets: 2014 visitation and spending. National travel and tourism office. International trade administration, industry and analysis
Weiermair K (2000) Tourists’ perceptions towards and satisfaction with service quality in the cross-cultural service encounter: implications for hospitality and tourism management. Manag Serv Qual 10(6):397–409
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schumann, F.R. (2017). Managing Multiple Source Markets. In: Changing Trends in Japan's Employment and Leisure Activities. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3608-8_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3608-8_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3607-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3608-8
eBook Packages: Business and ManagementBusiness and Management (R0)