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Metagenomic Approaches for Novel Active Metabolites

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Bioresources and Bioprocess in Biotechnology

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Abstract

Microorganisms are a proven source of bioactive metabolites with significant functionality and applications. Earlier studies on bioactive metabolite discovery relied solely on cultivable microbial species. However, advances in genomic techniques revealed that culturable microorganisms represent only a tiny fraction of the total microbial diversity, prompting the development of a new field for accessing the unculturable microbial community, termed metagenomics. Metagenomics overcomes the problems of cultivation techniques by exploring the genome of microorganisms as a whole (metagenome), rather than culturing it. Metagenomic-based functional analysis has identified a number of novel biomolecules at a pace which was not achievable using traditional culture-based screening techniques. The approach has also provided valuable insights into previously overlooked biochemistry of culturable organisms. Recent breakthroughs in next-generation sequencing technologies and bioinformatics have made large-scale sequencing and analyzing of metagenome feasible and cost-effective, which further accelerated research in this field. This chapter discusses different aspects of metagenomics and their application for identifying novel active metabolites, highlighting diverse array of strategies and recent discoveries.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India

    Dharmaprakash Viszwapriya & Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian

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  1. Dharmaprakash Viszwapriya
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  2. Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
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Correspondence to Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian .

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  1. Inter University Centre for Bioscience, Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Kannur, Kerala, India

    Sabu Abdulhameed

  2. Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    N.S. Pradeep

  3. Division of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Shiburaj Sugathan

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© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Viszwapriya, D., Karutha Pandian, S. (2017). Metagenomic Approaches for Novel Active Metabolites. In: Abdulhameed, S., Pradeep, N., Sugathan, S. (eds) Bioresources and Bioprocess in Biotechnology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3573-9_12

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