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What Do We Need for Assessing Whiteness?

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Book cover Advanced Graphic Communications and Media Technologies (PPMT 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 417))

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Abstract

Whiteness is an important quality parameter for surface colour industries. The CIE whiteness metric has been widely used but is known for shortcomings. For example, it cannot cover sufficient ‘white’ region in colour space and it should only be used for illuminant D65. In a psychophysical experiment, fifty samples were assessed using 2 scales. We investigated the influence of the spectral power distribution (SPD) of LED sources on whiteness perception. The results showed that the SPD can strongly affect the performance of whiteness metrics. Three versions based on CIE whiteness index were derived and they all gave similar degree of accuracy in predicting experimental data. The one with CAT02 performed quite well and is simple to use by applying the original CIE whiteness index under D65. The boundary limit can also be extended based on these data.

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References

  1. CIE, (2004) Colorimetry, in CIE15:2004, Vienna, Austria.

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  2. C. Li, M. R. Luo, B. Rigg, et al (2002) CMC 2000 chromatic adaptation transform: CMCCAT2000. Color Res. & Appl., 27(1):49–58.

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  3. Y. Chen, (2013) Measurement of White Colour Containing Fluorescent Whitening Agent, (PhD Thesis, The University of Leeds, School of Colour Chemistry, Leeds).

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  4. McLAREN. K., (1976) An introduction to instrumental shade passing and sorting and a review of recent developments. Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists. 92(9): 317–326.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

    Shining Ma, Jing Liang & Ming Ronnier Luo

  2. School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Ming Ronnier Luo

  3. Department of Building Services Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Minchen Wei

  4. School of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China

    Jing Liang

Authors
  1. Shining Ma
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  2. Minchen Wei
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  3. Jing Liang
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  4. Ming Ronnier Luo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ming Ronnier Luo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing, China

    Pengfei Zhao

  2. China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing, China

    Yun Ouyang

  3. China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing, China

    Min Xu

  4. China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing, China

    Li Yang

  5. China Academy of Printing Technology, Beijing, China

    Yujie Ouyang

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© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

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Ma, S., Wei, M., Liang, J., Luo, M.R. (2017). What Do We Need for Assessing Whiteness?. In: Zhao, P., Ouyang, Y., Xu, M., Yang, L., Ouyang, Y. (eds) Advanced Graphic Communications and Media Technologies . PPMT 2016. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 417. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3530-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3530-2_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3529-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3530-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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