Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Current Status and Characteristics of Cancer

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Carriers for Cancer Therapy

Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology ((BRIEFSNANO))

  • 781 Accesses

Abstract

Cancer is among the most deadly diseases known, with 13 million new cancer cases and about 8 million casualties worldwide each year. This chapter introduces the current status and causes of cancer, and the characteristics of cancer tissues including abnormal metabolism, abnormal vasculature, resistance to anti-proliferative growth factors (GFs), unlimited replicative potential, immune system activation and inflammation, and interstitial pressure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bergers G, Benjamin LE (2003) Angiogenesis: tumourigenesis and the angiogenic switch. Nat Rev Cancer 3:401–410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carmeliet P, Jain RK (2000) Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases. Nature 407:249–257

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coppedè F, Lopomo A, Spisni R, Migliore L (2014) Genetic and epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 20:943–956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De la Rica R, Aili D, Stevens MM (2012) Enzyme-responsive nanoparticles for drug release and diagnostics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 64:967–978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dinarello CA (2000) Proinflammatory cytokines. Chest 118:503–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dudley AC (2012) Tumor endothelial cells. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2:a006536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dvorak HF (2003) How tumors make bad blood vessels and stroma. Am J Pathol 162:1747–1757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fang J, Nakamura H, Maeda H (2011) The EPR effect: unique features of tumor blood vessels for drug delivery, factors involved, and limitations and augmentation of the effect. Adv Drug Deliver Rev 63:136–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganapathy-Kanniappan S, Geschwind JFH (2013) Tumor glycolysis as a target for cancer therapy: progress and prospects. Mol Cancer 12:152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gatenby RA, Gillies RJ (2004) Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis. Nat Rev Cancer 4:891–899

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg JE, Schwertfeger KL (2010) Proinflammatory cytokines in breast cancer: mechanisms of action and potential targets for therapeutics. Curr Drug Targets 11:1133–1146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta MK, Qin RY (2003) Mechanism and its regulation of tumor-induced angiogenesis. World J Gastroenterol 9:1144–1155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanahan D, Weinberg RA (2011) Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144:646–679

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesketh R (2013) Introduction in cancer biology: a concise journey from epidemiology through cell and molecular biology to treatment and prospects. Cambridge University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Koomen JM, Haura EB, Bepler G, Sutphen R, Remily-Wood ER, Benson K, Dalton WS (2008) Proteomic contributions to personalized cancer care. Mol Cell Proteomics 7:1780–1794

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koontongkaew S (2013) The tumor microenvironment contribution to development, growth, invasion and metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. J Cancer 4:66–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maeda H, Wua J, Sawaa T, Matsumurab Y, Horic K (2000) Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review. J Control Release 65:271–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumura Y, Maeda H (1986) A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent smancs. Cancer Res 46:6387–6392

    Google Scholar 

  • Michener CM, Ardekani AM, Petricoin EF, Liotta LA, Kohn EC (2002) Genomics and proteomics: application of novel technology to early detection and prevention of cancer. Cancer Detect Prev 26:249–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munn LL (2003) Aberrant vascular architecture in tumours and its importance in drug-based therapies. Drug Discov Today 8:396–403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Narang AS, Varia S (2011) Role of tumor vascular architecture in drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 63:640–658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ng JMK, Yu J (2015) Promoter hypermethylation of tumour suppressor genes as potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci 16:2472–2496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shuker DEG (2007) Socioeconomic and molecular basis of cancer. In: Missailidis S (ed) The cancer clock. Wiley, Chichester, pp 3–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel R, Ma J, Zou Z, Jemal A (2014) Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 64:9–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siemann DW (2011) The unique characteristics of tumor vasculature and preclinical evidence for its selective disruption by tumor-vascular disrupting agents. Cancer Treat Rev 37:63–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer DS, Puranik AS, Peppas NA (2015) Intelligent nanoparticles for advanced drug delivery in cancer treatment. Curr Opin Chem Eng 7:84–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stubbs JM, McSheehy PM, Griffiths JR, Bashford CL (2000) Causes and consequences of tumour acidity and implications for treatment. Mol Med Today 6:15–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torchilin V (2011) Tumor delivery of macromolecular drugs based on the EPR effect. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 63:131–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vander Heiden MG, Cantley LC, Thompson CB (2009) Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science 324:1029–1033

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wakefield LM, Yang Y, Dukhanina O (2000) Transforming growth factor-β and breast cancer: lessons learned from genetically altered mouse models. Breast Cancer Res 2:100–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

    Tao Feng & Yanli Zhao

Authors
  1. Tao Feng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yanli Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yanli Zhao .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Feng, T., Zhao, Y. (2017). Current Status and Characteristics of Cancer. In: Nanomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Carriers for Cancer Therapy. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology(). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3299-8_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3299-8_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3297-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3299-8

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation