Abstract
Historically the first biomarker to distinguish abnormal from normal tissue was biophysical properties, such as elasticity of tissue or viscosity of body fluids. Based on the stiffness or percussion of organs, clinical medicine formulated numerous useful diagnostic signs. Indeed, biophysical parameters such as elasticity and viscosity are some of the basic parameters of transport and mobility processes in a system. The value of the shear elasticity modulus of abnormal tissue is known to be up to 10–30 times that of normal tissue, whereas values of biochemical concentrations generally differ at most within 2–5 times ostensibly to preserve metabolic homeostasis. Hence, there is a need for an easily-affordable noninvasive methodology that could estimate elasticity and effusivity in tissue, especially for the brain, which is encased in bony enclosures, thereby providing considerable scope for using elastometric/effusiometric measurements to diagnose disease.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Fiandaca MS, et al. The critical need for defining preclinical biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. 2014;10(3), (Suppl): S196–S212.
Wattamwar PR, et al. An overview of biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2010;13, (Suppl2): S116–S123.
Riemenschneider MM, et al. Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau and β-Amyloid 42 Proteins Identify Alzheimer Disease in Subjects With Mild Cognitive Impairment. Archives of Neurology. 2002;59(11): 1729–1734.
Ramaswamy, R., R. Khanna, and P. K. Roy. Topological Connectivity and Elastic Responsivity of Brain as a window to the Alzheimer-type Neurodegenerative process. (in communication).
Mapstone M, et al. Nature Medicine. 2014;20: 415–418.
Roberts A.P. Morphology and thermal conductivity of model organic aerogels. Physical Review E. 1997;55: R1286–R1289.
Madadi M, et al. 3D Imaging and simulation of elastic properties of porous materials. Computing in Science and Engineering. 2009: 65–73.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ramaswamy, R., Khanna, R., Roy, P. (2017). Biophysics-Based Markers Surpassing Biochemical Markers in Screening of Ageing-Related Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment. In: Shorey, R., Ghosh, P. (eds) Healthcare Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3111-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3111-3_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-3110-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-3111-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)