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Effect of Climate Change on Growth and Physiology of Rice-Wheat Genotypes

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Conservation Agriculture

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Abstract

Under the changing climatic condition, both CO2 and temperature are the key variables that may cause significant changes in crop productivity. To understand the effect of these key variables of climate change on rice and wheat genotypes, a study was conducted under different sets of varying environments inside open top chambers (OTCs). The sets of conditions were ambient condition, ~25 % higher CO2 than ambient, 25 % higher CO2 + 2 °C ˃ ambient temperature, and 2 °C higher than the ambient temperature. Finding of the study showed that C3 crops (rice and wheat) respond positively toward increasing atmospheric CO2 in the absence of other stressful conditions, but the beneficial direct impact of elevated CO2 can be offset by other effects of climate change, such as elevated temperature. Climate changes affect the development, growth, and productivity of plants through alterations in their biochemical, physiological, and morphogenetic processes. The rising level of atmospheric CO2 led to the fertilization effect on C3 crops which in turn improved their growth and productivity. Increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere could lead to higher crop yields. Increased temperatures during the growing period may also reduce CO2 effects indirectly, by increasing water demand. Among different rice genotypes, IR83376-B-B-24-2 was highly responsive, while IR84896-B-127-CRA-5-1-1 was least responsive toward elevated CO2. Moreover, the response of wheat genotypes HD 2967 (4.18 t ha−1) and HD 2733 (4.17 t ha−1) was more positive toward elevated CO2 as compared to other genotypes. In terms of tolerance to heat, the wheat genotype Halna followed by DBW 17 was least affected due to elevated temperature as compared to other genotypes. Finding also suggests that various physiological traits, viz., content of sugar, stability of membrane (MSI %), plant leaf water status (RWC %), and photosynthetic rate, were improved under elevated level of CO2. However, rising temperature led to the negative response in terms of physiological traits. Advance knowledge of the future climate change scenarios in the zone on agroclimatic zone level would help in determining future climate risks and in identifying vulnerable areas to serve as the basis for crop planning and identification of suitable genotypes.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, which helped us to improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, 800014, India

    S. K. Dwivedi, Santosh Kumar, Ved Prakash & J. S. Mishra

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  1. S. K. Dwivedi
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  2. Santosh Kumar
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  3. Ved Prakash
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  4. J. S. Mishra
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Correspondence to S. K. Dwivedi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Jaideep Kumar Bisht

  2. ICAR-Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Vijay Singh Meena

  3. ICAR-Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Pankaj Kumar Mishra

  4. ICAR-Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Arunava Pattanayak

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Dwivedi, S.K., Kumar, S., Prakash, V., Mishra, J.S. (2016). Effect of Climate Change on Growth and Physiology of Rice-Wheat Genotypes. In: Bisht, J., Meena, V., Mishra, P., Pattanayak, A. (eds) Conservation Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2558-7_21

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