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Role of BMP1/Tolloid like Proteases in Bone Morphogenesis and Tissue Remodeling

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Proteases in Physiology and Pathology

Abstract

BMP-1/ tolloid like proteases collectively referred as BTPs are members of the astacin family of metalloproteases belonging to the metzincin clan. Four members of BTP are identified in humans; BMP-1, mTLD, mTLL1 and mTLL2. The BTPs are involved in several pathophysiological diseases including bone morphogenesis, fibrosis, tissue remodeling and tumor progression. BTPs are important regulators to activate several growth factors and helps to release anti-angiogenic fragments from parent proteins. Three dimensional structure of BTPs reveal the presence of a highly unusual disulphide bridge present within the cysteine-rich loop region in the active site. The activity of BTPs is controlled mainly by activators. The only endogenous inhibitor of mammalian BTPs is α2-macroglobulin. Several small molecular inhibitors of BTPs have been reported. Further studies will help to explore the full spectrum of activities of BTPs which will help in recognition of BTPs as new targets for future therapies.

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Acknowledgement

The authors sincerely thank Dr. Indrani Sarkar of Narula Institute of Technology for her useful suggestions in preparation of the chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India

    Sibani Chakraborty, Ankur Chaudhuri & Asim K. Bera

Authors
  1. Sibani Chakraborty
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  2. Ankur Chaudhuri
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  3. Asim K. Bera
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Correspondence to Sibani Chakraborty .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Chakraborty, S., Chaudhuri, A., Bera, A.K. (2017). Role of BMP1/Tolloid like Proteases in Bone Morphogenesis and Tissue Remodeling. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Proteases in Physiology and Pathology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2513-6_4

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