Abstract
Titanium alloys are the principal replacements, and in many cases also prime candidate materials to replace (i) aerospace special and advanced steels, owing to their higher specific strength properties, (ii) aluminium alloys, due to their better elevated temperature properties and (iii) nickel-base superalloys for high pressure compressors of modern engines, owing to their superior intermediate temperature (up to 600 °C) creep strength and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance and good damage tolerant properties. This chapter summarily presents the chemical compositions, properties, aerospace applications and briefly covers (a) the physical metallurgy of titanium alloys, (b) Primary (Melting and Casting) and Secondary (Processing) processes and (c) alloy development (commercially pure Ti, α, near-α, α + β and β alloys). Towards the end, the Indian scenario is presented in terms of available production facilities and some of the indigenous alloys.
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Acknowledgments
The authors wish to place on record that Prof G. Lütjering would certainly have been included as an author but for his untimely demise. Nevertheless, the authors cannot thank him enough for the repository of knowledge that he has created in the second edition of the book on Titanium published by Springer publications. The authors would like to thank Dr. A.K. Gogia, Dr. TK Nandy and Mr. Dipak Kumar Gupta of DMRL; Mr. Ramesh Babu, Mr. GVR Murthy and Mr. U.V. Gururaja of Midhani; and Mr. VP Deep Kumar of ADA for many inputs and technical data. They profoundly thank the editors, Dr. N Eswara Prasad and Dr. RJH Wanhill for their help in reviewing the contents of the book chapter and also for their constructive comments. The authors (AB and BS) are greatly indebted to Prof D. Banerjee, Dr. K. Tamilmani, Dr. Amol A. Gokhale and Dr. Samir V. Kamat for their kind support and encouragement. Funding from DRDO is gratefully acknowledged.
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Bhattacharjee, A., Saha, B., Williams, J.C. (2017). Titanium Alloys: Part 1—Physical Metallurgy and Processing. In: Prasad, N., Wanhill, R. (eds) Aerospace Materials and Material Technologies . Indian Institute of Metals Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2134-3_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2134-3_5
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