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Lignin Degrading Fungal Enzymes

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Book cover Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Lignin

Part of the book series: Biofuels and Biorefineries ((BIOBIO))

Abstract

Lignin is a complex heterophenolic biopolymer present in plant cell walls. It supports plants growth by providing structural integrity, impermeability, protection against pathogenic infection and pest damage. Being the second most abundant polymer on the earth, it plays a major role in carbon recycling. Increases in greenhouse gas emission and decreases in fuel reserves have increased interest all over the world for the production of biofuels from plant biomass. Because of its complex structure, lignin has become one of the major hurdles for biofuels production. Research has been conducted on methods to separate lignin from lignocellulosic biomass by employing chemical, physical or mechanical methods. However, these methods tend to be expensive and require much energy and also pose risks to the environment. The polyphenolic structure of lignin has attracted interest for the production of renewable and commercially valuable platform chemicals, thus studies have been conducted on its degradation by enzymes. This chapter summarizes recent advances in lignin degrading enzymes (Lignin Oxidizing and Lignin Degrading Auxiliary enzymes) produced by wood degrading fungi and bacteria. Structural and functional aspects of lignin degrading and their auxiliary enzymes are covered with a short note being made on genomic studies of lignin degrading fungi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Lakehead University, 955 Oliver Road, P7B 5E1, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

    Ayyappa Kumar Sista Kameshwar & Wensheng Qin

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  1. Ayyappa Kumar Sista Kameshwar
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  2. Wensheng Qin
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Correspondence to Wensheng Qin .

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  1. Biomass Group, College of Engineering, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

    Zhen Fang

  2. Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

    Richard L. Smith, Jr.

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Kameshwar, A.K.S., Qin, W. (2016). Lignin Degrading Fungal Enzymes. In: Fang, Z., Smith, Jr., R. (eds) Production of Biofuels and Chemicals from Lignin. Biofuels and Biorefineries. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1965-4_4

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