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Some Aspects of the Light Environment

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Abstract

Roles of light as energy and signal sources for growing plants are discussed mainly with respect to photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis. Components of the light environment above and within a plant canopy, such as spectral distribution, photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD), lighting cycle, and lighting direction, are shown. Characteristics of LED arrays as light source and characteristics of light environment in plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) are discussed. Concepts and significances of supplemental upward lighting in the PFAL and supplemental lighting in greenhouse are described. Advantages of supplemental upward lighting in the PFAL to prevent senescence of lower leaves and increase marketable fresh weight of leaf lettuce plants are shown. Strategy of environmental control under artificial lighting is discussed.

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References

  • Kozai T (2013) Resource use efficiency of closed plant production system with artificial light: concept, estimation and application to plant factory. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B 89(10):447–461

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  • Kozai T, Niu G, Takagaki M (eds) (2015) Plant factory: an indoor vertical farming system for efficient quality food production. Academic, London, 423 pp

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  • Zhang G, Shen S, Takagaki M, Kozai T, Yamori W (2015) Supplemental upward lighting from underneath to obtain higher marketable lettuce (Lactuca sativa) leaf fresh weight by retarding senescence of outer leaves. Front Plant Sci 16:1–9

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Japan Plant Factory Association (NPO), Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan

    Toyoki Kozai

  2. Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo-shi, 271-8510, Japan

    Geng Zhang

Authors
  1. Toyoki Kozai
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  2. Geng Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Toyoki Kozai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Japan Plant Factory Association (NPO), Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan

    Toyoki Kozai

  2. Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazuhiro Fujiwara

  3. Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

    Erik S. Runkle

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© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

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Kozai, T., Zhang, G. (2016). Some Aspects of the Light Environment. In: Kozai, T., Fujiwara, K., Runkle, E. (eds) LED Lighting for Urban Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1848-0_4

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