Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Continuing Professional Education in Australia pp 135–154Cite as

Competencies – Longer Term Use & Development

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 354 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter examines the uses to which the competencies noted in Chap. 6 may be devoted. The previous chapter focused on the 1990s, whereas this chapter takes the story through to 2010. The ultimate test of the value of competencies is their use for a range of activities and roles. The six areas cited for the use of competencies for professionals, outlined in Table 6.2, are examined in turn: those trained overseas, new graduates entering practice, those seeking to re-enter practice, those coming from another profession, those wishing to practise in a specialisation and current practitioners seeking to continue to practise in their chosen profession. In the next section, problems associated with the use of competencies in relation to ethical issues in practice are identified. In the second last section, an assessment is offered of the broader and longer term impact of competencies. Finally, the two chapters on Competencies (Chaps. 6 and 7) are summarised by the process of ‘looking forward and looking back’.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Anderson, B., & Bell, J. (1988). Occupational therapy: Its place in Australia’s history. Sydney: NSW Association of Occupational Therapists.

    Google Scholar 

  • Athanasou, J. A. (2006). An evaluation of a formal professional examination in adult continuing education. Australian Journal of Adult Education, 46(2), 202–223.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Association of Social Workers. (2008). Practice standards for mental health social workers. Retrieved June 25, 2009, from http://www.aasw.asn.au/document/item17

  • Australian Education International. (2009). On migration assessment bodies. Retrieved November 24, 2011, from http://www.aei.gov.au

  • Australian Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology. (1993). Career action planner. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology. (1994). Report. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Institute of Radiography. (2005). On migrant assessment body role. Retrieved July 21, 2011, http://www.air.asn.au/html/s02_article/article_view.asp

  • Australian Medical Council. (2010). Media Release 6 December, 2010, AMC Standards now embedded in National Registration and accreditation Scheme. Kingston, ACT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Medical Council. (2010a). Accreditation of specialist medical education & training and personal development: Standards & procedures. Kingston: Australian Medical Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Medical Council. (2011). Listing specialisations. Retrieved April 4, 2011, from http://amc.org.au/images/Recognition/AMC.pdf-list-of-recognised-specialities

  • Australian Physiotherapy Association. (1998). Professional development portfolio. Melbourne: Australian Physiotherapy Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Australian Physiotherapy Association. (2008). On specialisations. Retrieved April 14, 2009, from http://www.physiotherapy.asn.au/index.pnp/qualitypractice/specialisation/titling

  • Benner, P. (1984). From novice to expert: Excellence & power in clinical nursing practice. Menlo Park: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, B. (1995a). Competencies and the Australian professions. In B. Brennan & D. Dymock (Eds.), CPE: An emerging professional practice (pp. 63–80). Armidale: Department of Continuing Education, University of New England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, B. (1995b). The national training agenda & professional development in regional, rural & remote Australia, refereed paper for national conference The national training agenda for regional Australia, published by VETRI, University of Southern Queensland in looseleaf format, p. 11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brennan, B. (1998). What’s the value of vocational knowledge if only the educated know it? In S. Billett (Ed.), Vocational knowledge and institutions: Changing relationships (Vol. 3, pp. 24–34). Brisbane: Centre for Learning & Work Research, Griffith University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centre for Legal Education & Livingston Armytage. (1996). A review of aspects of the specialist accreditation program of the Law Society of New South Wales. Sydney: Law Society of New South Wales.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, J. (2006). Writing multiple choice questions for continuing medical education activities and self-assessment modules. Lifelong Learning, 26(2), 541–551.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbett, A. H. (1973). The institution of engineers Australia. A history of the first fifty years 1919–1969. Sydney: The Institution of Engineers and Angus & Robertson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daley, B. J. (1999). Novice to expert. An exploration of how professionals learn. Adult Education Quarterly, 49(4), 133–147.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalkin, M. J. (1993, May). A pilot scheme to apply Australian nursing registering authorities’ competencies to part of the NSW College of Nursing’s course for overseas qualified nurses, unpublished paper presented at CPE ′93. A question of competence, Coffs Harbour, p. 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, V., & Worrall, L. (1993). The role of critical incident interviews in the validation of competency based occupational standards for entry level speech pathologists. In D. Lucardie (Ed.), CPE ′93. A question of competence (pp. 45–55). Armidale: Department of Continuing Education, University of New England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations. (2005). Announcement of the end of ANTA. Retrieved December 17, 2008, from http://www.dest.gov.au/sectors/training_skills/policy_issues_reviews/key_issues/nts

  • Dietitians Association of Australia. (2009). 2009 competencies. Retrieved May 12, 2011, from http://daa.asn.au/universities- recognition/national-competency-standards

  • Dreyfus, H. L., & Dreyfus, D. (1985). Mind over machine: The power of human intuition & expertise in the era of the computer. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epstein, R. M., & Hundert, E. M. (2002). Defining and assessing professional competence. Journal of the American Medical Association, 287(2), 226–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Field, S. (1993). Agriculturists set the standard. In D. Lucardie (Ed.), CPE ′93. A question of competence (pp. 56–64). Armidale: Department of Continuing Education, University of New England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garrick, J., & McDonald, R. (1992). Competency based standards for industry trainers: A critical comparison of international models. Studies in Continuing Education, 14(2), 166–186.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonczi, A. (1993, May). Applying competency standards in the professions, unpublished paper presented at the CPE ′93 Conference at Coffs Harbour, organised by the University of New England’s Department of Continuing Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonczi, A. (2004). The new professional and vocational education. In G. Foley (Ed.), Dimensions of adult learning, Adult education & training in a global era (pp. 19–34). St. Leonards: Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonczi, A., Hager, P., & Oliver, L. (1990). Establishing competency-based standards in the professions. Research Paper 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonczi, A., Hager, P., & Palmer, C. (1994). Performance based assessment & the NSW Law Society specialist accreditation program. Journal of Professional Legal Education, 12(2), 135–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hager, P., & Gonczi, A. (1991). Competencty-based standards: A boon for continuing professional education. Studies in Continuing Education, 13(1), 24–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haladyna, T. M., & Downing, S. M. (1989). A taxonomy of multiple-choice item-writing rules. Applied Measurement in Education, 29(1), 37–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, R., Guthrie, H., Hobart, B., & Lundberg, D. (1995). Competency-based education in Australia. Between a rock and a whirlpool. South Melbourne: Macmillan Education Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higher Education Council. (1996). Professional education & credentialism. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jasman, A. (1993). Teacher self appraisal: A strategy for identifying teachers’ understandings of their professional role. In D. Lucardie, (Ed.). CPE ′93. A question of competence (pp. 127–156). Armidale: Department of Continuing Education, University of New England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Law Society of New South Wales. (1994). Specialist accreditation handbook. Sydney: Law Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Law Society of New South Wales. (2009). On renewing accreditation./2010. Retrieved February 26, 2010, from http://www.lawsociety.com.au/forsolicitors/Education/specialists/renewingyouraccrediatation/0088

  • Lloyd, B. (1991). Engineers in Australia: A profession in transition. Melbourne: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maple, G. (1987). Continuing education for the health sciences: The voluntary/mandatory debate. Australian Journal of Adult Education, 27(2), 22–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCoubrie, P. (2004). Improving the fairness of multiple-choice questions: A literature review. Medical Teacher, 26(8), 709–712.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Office of Overseas Skills Recognition. (1992). Annual report. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Training Information Services. (2011). Information. Retrieved May 12, 2011, from http://www.ntis.gov.audefault.aspx?glossary

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, J. W. (1988). New directions for practical legal training in the nineties. Sydney: College of Law.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolson, J., & Bridgland, A. (1999). Library industry national training package: Friend or foe of CPE?. In B. Brennan (Ed.), Professionals at work: CPE and practitioners’ workplaces (pp. 106–117). Armidale: School of Administration & Training, University of New England.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pharmaceutical Society of Australia. (1994). Competency standards for entry-level pharmacists in Australia. Deakin: Pharmaceutical Society of Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pharmaceutical Society of Australia. (2003). Competency standards for pharmacists in Australia. Deakin: Pharmaceutical Society of Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pradeep, G. (2009). Management of insomnia. Australian Pharmacist, 28(10), 850–853.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. (1996). A study of the penetration of competency-based training in Australia. Research on Post-Compulsory Education, 1(2), 169–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, J. (1996). The metamorphosis of competence. Studies in Continuing Education, 18(1), 24–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wass, V., Van der Vleuten, C., Shatzer, J., & Jones, R. (2001). Assessment of clinical competence. The Lancet, 357(9260), 945–949.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tamworth, NSW, Australia

    Barrie Brennan

Authors
  1. Barrie Brennan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Brennan, B. (2016). Competencies – Longer Term Use & Development. In: Continuing Professional Education in Australia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1832-9_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1832-9_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-1830-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-1832-9

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation