Skip to main content

AI Meets Geography: A Heuristic Geographic Routing Algorithm for Wireless Networks

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advanced Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 393))

  • 1091 Accesses

Abstract

Geographic routing (GR) is designed for forwarding packets within a specific geographic region, and it enjoys the advantages of its scalability and simplicity. GR can provide a promising solution for packet delivering in next generation wireless network, and has gained much research attention in the areas of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) and Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). However, it suffers from communication holes or voids in the network areas due to network dynamics or random deployments. Most of current void handling schemes use local or whole topology information. In this paper, we propose a heuristic geographic routing (HGR) to avoid holes over a few iterations by using only local geographic information. Through simulation and analysis, we find that HGR has an outstanding performance in the respect of void bypassing. In addition, this algorithm keeps simplicity and has low communication overhead.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ko Y-B, Vaidya NH (2000) Location-aided routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks. Wireless Netw 6(4):307

    Google Scholar 

  2. Karp B, Kung HT (2000) GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless network. In: Proceedings of the 6th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on mobile computing and networking (MobiCom 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shu L, Zhang Y, Yang LT et al (2010) TPGF: geographic routing in wireless multimedia sensor networks. Telecommun Syst 44(1–2):79–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Zhang D, Dong E (2015) A bypassing void routing combining of geographic and virtual coordinate information for WSN. In: 22nd International conference on telecommunications (ICT). IEEE

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen W, Li X (2007) Improving routing quality of greedy forwarding in wireless networks. In: Fifteenth IEEE international workshop on quality of service. IEEE, pp 65–73

    Google Scholar 

  6. Zhang H, Fan W, Wang L et al (2009) Real-time and reliable greedy geographical routing for mobile wireless sensor networks. J Comput Res Dev 46(5):713–722

    Google Scholar 

  7. Park J, Yong NK, Jin YB (2013) A forwarder selection method for greedy mode operation of a geographic routing protocol in a WSN. In: Fifth international conference on ubiquitous and future networks (ICUFN). IEEE, pp 270–275

    Google Scholar 

  8. Wang H, Zhang X, Khokhar A (2007) Efficient “Void” handling in contention-based geographic routing for wireless sensor networks. In: IEEE global telecommunications conference, pp 663–667

    Google Scholar 

  9. Li XH, Hong SH, Fang KL (2011) WSNHA-GAHR: a greedy and A* heuristic routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks in home automation. Commun IET 5(13):1797–1805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hart PE, Nilsson NJ, Raphael B (1968) A formal basis for the heuristic determination of minimum cost paths. IEEE Trans Syst Sci Cybern SSC4 4(2):100–107

    Google Scholar 

  11. Savvides A, Han CC, Strivastava MB (2001) Srivastava dynamic fine-grained localization in ad-hoc networks of sensors. In: Proceedings of the fifth international conference on mobile computing and networking, Mobicom, pp 166–179

    Google Scholar 

  12. Li M, Liu Y (2007) Rendered path: range-free localization in anisotropic sensor networks with holes. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 18(1):320–332

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hightower J, Borriello G (2001) Location systems for ubiquitous. Computer 34:57–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ward A, Jones A, Hopper A (1997) A new location technique for the active office. IEEE Pers Commun 4(5):42–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. www.opnet.com

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work is sponsored by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, No. 2012CB315904), and Shenzhen Basic Research (No. JCYJ20140417144423192).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui LI .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this paper

Cite this paper

LV, S., AN, J., LI, H. (2016). AI Meets Geography: A Heuristic Geographic Routing Algorithm for Wireless Networks. In: Park, J., Jin, H., Jeong, YS., Khan, M. (eds) Advanced Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 393. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1536-6_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1536-6_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-1535-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-1536-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics