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Noncoding RNAs in Therapeutic Resistance of Cancer

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The Long and Short Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Biology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 927))

Abstract

Despite the encouraging advances made to date in cancer therapy, the benefits to patients are frequently offset by the development of resistance to therapeutics. Given their involvement in regulating multiple aspects of gene expression and cell signaling that dictates the behaviors of malignant cells, it is not surprising that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play pivotal roles in the resistance of cancers to clinically available therapeutics. Aberrant expression of these ncRNAs, attributed to inherent defects or stress-responsive variations, mediates cellular signaling that compensates for unfavorable molecular events elicited by the therapeutics, thereby preventing the pharmaceuticals from exerting their desired effects on their cellular targets; alternatively, ncRNAs may regulate cancer therapeutic sensitivity by affecting drug accessibility to neoplastic cells and in vivo drug metabolism. In addition, dysregulation of ncRNA expression in cancer stromal cells can impair the responsiveness of neoplastic cells to appropriate therapies. In this chapter, we will describe ncRNA-related mechanisms underlying cancer resistance to routine therapeutics, hopefully providing rationales for the development of drug-sensitizing strategies targeted against or based on these ncRNAs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China

    Lintao Jia

  2. Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, China

    Angang Yang

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  1. Lintao Jia
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  2. Angang Yang
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Correspondence to Lintao Jia .

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  1. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Erwei Song

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Jia, L., Yang, A. (2016). Noncoding RNAs in Therapeutic Resistance of Cancer. In: Song, E. (eds) The Long and Short Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Biology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 927. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1498-7_10

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