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Air Pollutants and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Plants

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Book cover Plant Responses to Air Pollution

Abstract

Absorption and accumulation/integration of air pollutants by leaves induce physiological and biochemical alterations in plants. Photosynthesis is the basic physiological event affected in plants exposed to air pollutants. Reduction in leaf area, closure of stomata and the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus limit the photosynthetic capacity of plants. High concentrations of sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) induce stomatal closure limiting the availability of carbon dioxide (CO2) for photosynthesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during oxidative stress damage photosynthetic apparatus via alteration in thylakoid structure and function. The photosynthetic electron transport, carboxylation efficiency of RuBisco and chlorophyll biosynthesis are the major processes negatively affecting the photosynthetic efficiency of plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India

    Bhupinder Dhir

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  1. Bhupinder Dhir
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Correspondence to Bhupinder Dhir .

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  1. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Umesh Kulshrestha

  2. School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India

    Pallavi Saxena

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Dhir, B. (2016). Air Pollutants and Photosynthetic Efficiency of Plants. In: Kulshrestha, U., Saxena, P. (eds) Plant Responses to Air Pollution. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1201-3_7

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