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Natural Language Processing: Applications in Pediatric Research

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Pediatric Biomedical Informatics

Part of the book series: Translational Bioinformatics ((TRBIO,volume 10))

Abstract

We discuss specific biomedical Natural Language Processing-based applications that cover a wide spectrum of use cases within the field of translational and health services research. In our uses cases we focus on four categories of applications: (1) Information Extraction (IE), (2) Document Classification, (3) Patient Classification, and (4) Sentiment Analysis. We show how the extracted information could be used for (a) Phenotype identification, (b) Comparative effectiveness studies, (c) Cohort identification, (d) Meaningful Use, and (e) Linking patients’ phenotype and genotype. In addition, we discuss the use of Natural Language Processing components for de-identification of large collections of patient notes. We review the literature for examples of pediatric natural language processing applications and show the transferability of select adult clinical natural language processing applications to the pediatric population.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Children’s Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Enders 138, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Guergana Savova Ph.D.

  2. Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, ML-2008, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA

    John Pestian Ph.D., M.B.A.

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA

    Brian Connolly Ph.D.

  4. Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue Enders 138, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Timothy Miller Ph.D.

  5. Department of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Division of Biomedical Informatics, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, ML-7024, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA

    Yizhao Ni Ph.D.

  6. Departments of Pediatrics and Biomedical Informatics, Divisions of Emergency Medicine and Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, ML-2008, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA

    Judith W. Dexheimer Ph.D.

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  1. Guergana Savova Ph.D.
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  5. Yizhao Ni Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Guergana Savova Ph.D. .

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  1. Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    John J. Hutton

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Savova, G., Pestian, J., Connolly, B., Miller, T., Ni, Y., Dexheimer, J.W. (2016). Natural Language Processing: Applications in Pediatric Research. In: Hutton, J. (eds) Pediatric Biomedical Informatics. Translational Bioinformatics, vol 10. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1104-7_12

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