Abstract
Constructed wetland has the potential to provide significant treatment for quality of stormwater runoff, especially in total suspended solid and total phosphorus concentration. The aim of this research is to investigate the trend of total phosphorus on total suspended solid reduction in constructed wetland in order to enhance the urban stormwater quality. This study was conducted in actual constructed wetland located in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia. The water samples were taken using grab sampling method from 14 sampling stations for seven months based on 14 stormwater events. The results showed a positive value of Pearson’s r as the total suspended solid had a positive correlation with the total phosphorus approximately, r = 0.78, which can be considered a large effect on the reduction trend. The coefficient of determination, R 2 = 0.93, was obtained from the relationship between total suspended solid and total phosphorus. Thus, the decreasing trend of total suspended solid concentration also showed the decreasing concentration of total phosphorus. The appropriate selection of macrophyte, water depth, and hydraulic residence time are vital to enhance the stormwater quality before discharge to the receiving water body.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Duncan HP (1999) Urban stormwater quality: a statistical overview. CRC for Catchment Hydrology, Victoria
Wu Y, Chen J (2013) Investigating the effects of point sources and nonpoint source pollution on the water quality of the East river (Dongjiang) in South China. Ecol Indic 32:294–304
Tu YT, Chiang PC, Yang J, Chen SH, Kao CM (2014) Application of constructed wetland system for polluted stream remediation. J Hydrol 510:70–78
Sim CH, Yusoff MK, Shutes B, Ho SC, Mansor M (2008) Nutrient removal in a pilot and full scale constructed wetland, Putrajaya city, Malaysia. Environ Manage 88:307–317
Mangangka IR, Egodawatta P, Parker N, Gardner T, Goonetilleke A (2013) Performance characterisation of constructed wetland. Wat Sci Tech 68(10):2195–2201
Sundari AS, Retnaningdyah C, Suharjono S (2013) The effectiveness of Scirpus Grossus and Limnocharis flava as phytoremediation agents of nitrate-phosphate to prevent microcystis blooming in fresh water ecosystem. Trop Life Sci 3(1):28–33
Lim PE, Wong TF, Lim DV (2001) Oxygen demand, nitrogen and copper removal by free water surface and subsurface flow constructed wetlands under tropical conditions. Environ Int 26:425–431
Mohd Noor NA (2009) Water quality modelling of constructed wetlands in Malaysia. Case study BIOECODS, USM. Msc. Thesis, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
Kadlec RH, Wallace SD (2008) Treatment wetlands, 2nd edn. CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton
Department of Drainage and Irrigation Malaysia or DID (2012) Urban stormwater management manual for Malaysia (MSMA), 2nd edn. Department of Drainage and Irrigation Malaysia (DID), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Brix H (1997) Do macrophytes play a role in constructed treatment wetlands? Wat Sci Tech 5:11–17
Shaharuddin S, Zakaria NA, Ab. Ghani A, Chang CK (2013) Performance evaluation of constructed wetland in Malaysia for water security enhancement: 2013 IAHR World Congress, Chengdu, China, 8–13 Sept 2013
Zakaria NA, Ab. Ghani A, Abdullah R, Mohd Sidek L, Ainan A (2003) Bio-ecological drainage system (BIOECODS) for water quantity and quality control. Int J River Basin Manage, IAHR & INBO 1(3):237–251
Ab. Ghani A, Zakaria NA, Abdullah R, Yusof MF, Mohd Sidek L, Kassim AH, Ainan A (2004) BIO-ecological drainage system (BIOECODS): concept, design and construction. In: 6th international conference on hydroscience and engineering (ICHE-2004), 30 May–3 June 2004, Brisbane, Australia
Google Maps (2013) Map of Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus. Retrieved from https://maps.google.com.my/maps?q=campus+engineering+usm&bav=on.2,or.r_cp.r_qf.&bvm=bv.48175248,d.bmk&biw=1280&bih=516&wrapid=tlif137136134591110&um=1&ie=UTF-8&hl=en&sa=N&tab=wl
American Public Health Association (APHA) (2012) American Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Environment Federation (WEF), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 22nd edn. American Public Health Association, Washington D.C.
HACH (2013) Water analysis handbook. HACH Company, Loveland, CO, USA
Acknowledgment
This research has been funded by Ministry of Higher Education under long-term research grant (LRGS) No. 203/PKT/672004 entitled Urban Water Cycle Processes, Management and Societal Interactions: Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability and also by the Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam. The authors would like to express their gratitude to the technical staff from River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Centre (REDAC) for their assistance and support for this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore
About this paper
Cite this paper
Johari, N.E., Abdul-Talib, S., Ab. Wahid, M., Ab. Ghani, A. (2016). Trend of Total Phosphorus on Total Suspended Solid Reduction in Constructed Wetland Under Tropical Climate. In: Tahir, W., Abu Bakar, P., Wahid, M., Mohd Nasir, S., Lee, W. (eds) ISFRAM 2015. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0500-8_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0500-8_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-10-0499-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-10-0500-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)