Abstract
The Ganden Sumtseling Monastery conforms to the mountain slope and harmonies with site. The main shrine is located on a mountain peak, first to greet the light of day and last to bid farewell to the sun as it sets.
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Notes
- 1.
Mu is a traditional Chinese unit of area. 1 mu ≈ 667 m2.
- 2.
Thang-ga is a unique painting form in Tibetan culture, which is a religious scroll painting that is suspended and has a consecrated mounting with colored satin.
- 3.
Rites of Zhou (Mandarin: zhou li), an ancient ritual text, was supposedly written by the Duke of Zhou in the Western Zhou Dynasty (the 11th century–771 BC).
- 4.
Kao Gong Ji, literally The Records of Examination of Craftsman, was compiled in the Spring and Autumn periods (770–476 BC). There were originally six parts in Rites of Zhou; however, the sixth part was lost, and later Kao Gong Ji was added as a replacement.
- 5.
Bai Hu Tong, a Chinese classical Confucian book, was compiled in the Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220).
- 6.
Zhang, chi and cun are traditional Ancient Chinese units of length. 1 m ≈ 3 chi, 1 m ≈ 0.3 zhang, 3.33 cm ≈ 1 cun.
- 7.
Shichen is an Ancient Chinese unit of time. One shichen is equal to two hours.
- 8.
Duke of Zhou, personal name Ji Dan, was a politician, militarist, thinker, educator in the Zhou Dynasty (1046–256 BC).
- 9.
Cun, chi and zhang are traditional Ancient Chinese units of length. 1 m ≈ 3 chi, 1 m ≈ 0.3 zhang, 3.33 cm ≈ 1 cun.
- 10.
Yin and yang are a pair of traditional Chinese philosophical concepts that represent the two opposite or contrary principles in nature and how they give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another. They are used in various fields of traditional Chinese culture, including religion, philosophy, calendar, fengshui, etc.
- 11.
History of the Yuan Dynasty (Mandarin: yuan shi), a historical work that consists of 210 chapters chronicling the history from 1162 to 1227, was edited chiefly by Song Lian and Wang Wei and composed in 1370, during the early Ming Dynasty.
- 12.
Literally, Record of the Duke of Zhou Temple Renovation.
- 13.
Shoushi Calendar, a calendar system, was implemented in the year 1281 during the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368).
- 14.
Yellow Crane Tower is a poem written by Cui Hao (approximately 704–754) during the Tang Dynasty (618–907). It is the most important poem among others like it on the topic of Yellow Crane Tower.
- 15.
Jiangnan refers to the region to the south of the Yangtze River.
- 16.
Literally, Lin’an Records in the Southern Song Dynasty.
- 17.
Rebuilding Chongshou Monastery on Baoshi Hill (Mandarin: chong jian bao shi shan chong shou yuan ji), an essay, was written by Xu Yikui during the early Ming Dynasty (approximately the 14th century).
- 18.
Literally, benevolence.
- 19.
Literally, wisdom.
- 20.
Literally, happiness.
- 21.
Wangchuan Garden (Mandarin: wang chuan yuan tu), is a painting drawn by Wang Wei (699–759), a prominent poet, musician, painter, and statesman during the Tang Dynasty (618–907).
- 22.
Literally, the name of the Pavilion means “understanding fish as the fish’s friend”.
- 23.
Translated by James Legge (1815–1897), who was a noted Scottish sinologist.
- 24.
Translated by James Legge (1815–1897), who was a noted Scottish sinologist.
- 25.
Yellow stone is a type of sedimentary rock that serves as the main stone material in the uplands area beside Lake Taihu. It features a broad stone face, large size and well-defined shape.
- 26.
Zhuang zi, a famous ancient Taoist book, is named after Zhuangzi (369–286 BC), an influential philosopher during the Warring States period (475–221 BC), and consists of three parts but actually only some contents finished by Zhuangzi and his students.
- 27.
Gable-and-hip roof is a typical roof style in traditional Chinese architecture, usually comprising four sloping roofs with two large roof sections in the front and back, whereas on each of the other two sides is a smaller roof section with a gable.
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Wang, F. (2016). “Conversation” Cases. In: Geo-Architecture and Landscape in China’s Geographic and Historic Context . Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0483-4_2
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