Abstract
Minerals and energy have been highly intertwined throughout history, but are becoming even more so with two key emerging trends: the gradual declining grade and increasing depth and complexity of ores and the increasing demand for high-performance functional materials in energy technologies. This paper examines these trends from the perspective of eco-design, focusing on the competing requirements of energy for producing and processing minerals and the demand for minerals in energy technologies. One key element examined is recycling – its impact on supply and the opposing implications of miniaturisation for recyclability of energy technologies. Peak minerals are addressed in conjunction with the implications of nonconventional resources such as deep ocean deposits.
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Acknowledgments
This research was undertaken using a Grant-in-Aid from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Research Project Number: 26701014.
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McLellan, B.C. (2017). The Minerals-Energy Nexus: Past, Present and Future. In: Matsumoto, M., Masui, K., Fukushige, S., Kondoh, S. (eds) Sustainability Through Innovation in Product Life Cycle Design. EcoProduction. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0471-1_42
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0471-1_42
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