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Allergens in Occupational Allergy: Prevention and Management – Focus on Asthma

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Book cover Allergy and Immunotoxicology in Occupational Health

Abstract

This article reviews the main aspects for the prevention and management of occupational asthma due to allergic sensitization in the workplace. An accurate allergen identification and characterization is the essential aspect of the primary prevention. Both high and low molecular weight molecules (the first acting as complete antigens the second as haptens) can induce asthma. Sensitization is a dose-related phenomenon, therefore the lower the exposure the lower the risk of sensitization. Health surveillance is the key action of the secondary prevention; it aims at the early identification of workers with occupational exposure to asthma-causing agents by means of respiratory questionnaires; preplacement and periodic visits, with spirometry; immunologic tests; and further investigations to confirm diagnosis and then remove the person from further exposure. Asthma management may be identified with the tertiary prevention. In this phase other than the pharmacological treatment, the occupational doctor should remove the worker from the exposure, as the reduction of allergens is a negative prognostic factor for a severe decline of lung function. In any case, workers should be informed on the risk they encounter at work for a better outcome of the preventive measures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immuntotoxicology and Allergy Unit & Occupational Biorepository, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), “G. D’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy

    Mario Di Gioacchino & Claudia Petrarca

  2. Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

    Mario Di Gioacchino

  3. Department of Medical Oral and Biotechnological Science, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

    Luca Di Giampaolo

  4. Specialization School of Occupational Medicine, G. d’Annunzio University, c/o CeSI-Met Via Colle dell’Ara, 66100, Chieti, Italy

    Veronica D’Ambrosio & Federica Martino

  5. Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

    Sara Cortese

  6. Specialization School of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, G. d’Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy

    Alessia Gatta, Loredana Della Valle, Anila Farinelli & Francesco Cipollone

  7. Immunotoxicology and Allergy Unit, CeSI, G. d’Annunzio University Foundation, Chieti, Italy

    Rocco Mangifesta

  8. Occupational Health Department, Public Health School, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxy, Taiyuan, 030001, China

    Qiao Niu

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  1. Mario Di Gioacchino
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Correspondence to Mario Di Gioacchino .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan

    Takemi Otsuki

  2. Immuntotoxicology and Allergy Unit & Occupational Biorepository, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), “G. D’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy

    Claudia Petrarca

  3. Immuntotoxicology and Allergy Unit & Occupational Biorepository, Center of Excellence on Aging and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), “G. D’Annunzio” University Foundation, Chieti, Italy

    Mario Di Gioacchino

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Di Gioacchino, M. et al. (2017). Allergens in Occupational Allergy: Prevention and Management – Focus on Asthma. In: Otsuki, T., Petrarca, C., Di Gioacchino, M. (eds) Allergy and Immunotoxicology in Occupational Health. Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0351-6_4

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