Abstract
The introduction of the concept of learning at the centre of the educational processes seemed from the first to be a very positive issue (Faure, 1986; Guimarães, 2011). But the first thing that Lifelong Learning (LLL) policies and practices did was to transfer the responsibility of learning to individuals “who, in the last instance, are responsible for pursuing their own learning” (CEC, 2000, p. 5). In a certain way this means that a right is considered a commodity and, as Gomes and Lucio-Villegas point out, though it “promoted the expansion of education and training opportunities [it] has not yet guaranteed equal access for all” (2009, p. 75).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Avritzer, L. (2003). Modelos de deliberação democrática: Uma análise do orçamento participativo no Brasil. In B. S. Santos (Org.), Democratizar a democracia: Os caminhos da democracia participative. Porto, Portugal: Afrontamento.
Commission of the European Communities. (2000). Commission staff working paper: A memorandum on lifelong learning. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
Commission of the European Communities. (2001). Making a European area of lifelong learning. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
Commission of the European Communities. (2006). Adult learning: It is never too late to learn. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
Commission of the European Communities. (2007). It is always a good time to learn. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
Crowther, J. (2004). In and against lifelong learning: Flexibility and the corrosion of character. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 23(2), 125–136.
Crowther, J., & Lucio-Villegas, E. (2012). Reconnecting intellect and feeling: Marx, Gramsci, Williams and the Educator’s role. In B. Hall, D. Clover, J. Crowther, & E. Scandrett (Eds.), Learning and education for a better world. Rotterdan, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Crowther, J., Johnston, R., Martin, I., & Merrill, B. (2006). Defending the radical margins of university adult education. In A. Antikainen, P. Harinen, & C. A Torres (Eds.), In from the margins. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Edwards, R. (2008). Actively seeking subjects? In A. Fejes & K. Nicoll (Eds.), Foucault and lifelong learning. Governing the subject. London, England: Routledge.
Faure, E. (Ed.). (1986). Aprender a ser. Madrid, Spain: Alianza.
Fragoso, A., & Lucio-Villegas, E. (2010). Looking back through a new pair of glasses: Conflict and mediation in local development: Spatial and organizational dynamics. Sociological and Educational Studies, 5, 68–79.
Gomes, I., & Lucio-Villegas, E. (2009). Recognition of lifelong learning and lifewide learning within the scope of permanent education. In E. Lucio-Villegas (Ed.), Citizenship as politics: International perspectives from adult education. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Gramsci, A. (1970). Introducción a la filosofía de la praxis. Barcelona, Spain: Península.
Gramsci, A. (1974). La formación de los intelectuales. Barcelona, Spain: Grijalbo.
Guimarães, P. (2011). Politicas de Educação de Adultos em Portugal (1999–2006). Braga, Portugal: Universidade do Minho.
Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2005). Imperio. Barcelona, Spain: Paidós.
Heller, P., & Thomas Isaac, T. M. (2003). O perfil politico e institucional da democracia participativa:
Lições de Kerala, India. In B. Sousa Santos (Org.), Democratizar a democracia. Os caminhos da democracia participative. Porto, Portugal: Afrontamiento.
Hoggart, R. (1966). The uses of literacy. London, England: Pelican.
Lengrand, P. (1973). Introducción a la Educación Permanente. Barcelona, Spain: Teide/UNESCO.
Lima, L. C. (2000). Educação de adultos e construção da cidadania democratica: Para uma critica do Gerencialismo e da Educação Contábil. In L. C. Lima (Ed.), Educação de adultos: Forum II. Braga, Portugal: Universidade do Minho.
Lima, L. C., & Guimarães, P. (2007). European strategies in lifelong learning: A critical introduction. Opladen & Farmington Hills, MI: Barbara Budrich Publishers.
London Edinburgh Weekend Return Group. (1980). In and against the state. London, England: Pelican.
Lucio-Villegas, E. (2012). What’s going on? An overview of adult education policies in Spain. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 18(1), 77–89.
Lucio-Villegas, E., & Fragoso, A. (2009). Doing expertise? A reflection on the relationship between people and experts in local development. In R. Evans (Ed.), Local development, community and adult learning: Between the mainstream and the margins (Vol. 1). Magdeburg, Germany: Nisaba verlag.
Nicoll, K., & Fejes. A. (2008). Mobilizing foucault in studies of lifelong learning. In A. Fejes & K. Nicoll (Eds.), Foucault and lifelong learning: Governing the subject. London, England: Routledge.
Official Journal of the European communities. (2002). Council Resolution of 27 June 2002 on Lifelong Learning.
Pineda, O. (1999). La Pedagogía del Amor en Nicaragua. Barcelona, Spain: AEPCFA.
Popkewitz, Th. (1988). Paradigma e ideología en investigación educative. Barcelona, Spain: Mondadori.
Ricardo, R., & Fragoso, A. (2013). Older men learning in the community: The case of the amateur fishing club of Faro. In Irena Žemaitaityt & Sarmit Mikulionien (Eds.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference: Learning Opportunities for Adults: Forms, Providers and Policies. Vilnius, Lithuania: Mykolo Romerio University.
Sennett, R. (2000). La corrosion del carácter. Madrid, Spain: Anagrama.
Sennett, R. (2010). El respeto. Madrid, Spain: Anagrama.
Thomas Isaacs, T. M., & Franke, R. W. (2005). Democracia local y desarrollo. Barcelona, Spain: Diálogos.
Wildemeersch, D., & Vandenabeele, J. (2007). Relocating social learning as a democratic practice. In R. van der Veen, D. Wildemeersch, J. Youngblood, & V. Marsick (Eds.), Democratic practices as learning opportunities. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
Williams, R. (1960). Border country. London, England: Parthian Books.
Williams, R. (1985). Keywords. London, England: Fontana.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Sense Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lucio-Villegas, E., Fragoso, A. (2016). A Tramp Shining. In: Evans, R., Kurantowicz, E., Lucio-Villegas, E. (eds) Researching and Transforming Adult Learning and Communities. Research on the Education and Learning of Adults. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-358-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-358-2_3
Publisher Name: SensePublishers, Rotterdam
Online ISBN: 978-94-6300-358-2
eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)