Abstract
In a global society, English has become the international lingua franca and is regarded as a necessary language for being a member of the international community (Jenkins, 2007). Even in such a milieu, the high degree of communication apprehension has generated a lower level of willingness to communicate and consequently has impeded communicative competence among Japanese learners of English (Matsuoka, 2009).
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Matsuoka, R. (2015). Willingness to Communicate. In: Horiguchi, S., Imoto, Y., Poole, G.S. (eds) Foreign Language Education in Japan. Critical New Literacies: The Praxis of English Language Teaching and Learning (Pelt). SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-325-4_9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-325-4_9
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