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Open Data Exposed pp 173–193Cite as

Technological Aspects of (Linked) Open Data

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Part of the book series: Information Technology and Law Series ((ITLS,volume 30))

Abstract

Choices of technologies to be used for publishing open data influence data reusability. In general, these technologies should be based on open standards and be aligned with the technologies adopted within the communities of data users. However, even though open standards are used in many industries ensuring interoperability within a specific domain, there is a lack of interoperability across sectors. This is due to a semantic heterogeneity of cross-domain information. Linked Data is an approach, which aims to achieve interoperability at the widest scale (the World Wide Web) by using the proven architecture of the World Wide Web, based on fully open standards. This chapter provides an overview of the five star model for open data and introduces the need for publishing open data along Linked Data design rules. Examples of Linked (Open) Data use at the Dutch Kadaster as well as at the University of Twente, is used to illustrate the main aspects of the technology. Analysis of current trends and future challenges in Linked Open Data are provided at the end of the chapter.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Roshal Archive Compressed file.

  2. 2.

    WinRAR is an archive manager. See https://www.rarlab.com/.

  3. 3.

    Rajabifard et al. 2002.

  4. 4.

    GIS stands for Geographic Information System.

  5. 5.

    http://www.opengeospatial.org/. Accessed May 2018.

  6. 6.

    The OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) is an international not for profit organization committed to making quality open standards for the global geospatial community. These standards are made through a consensus process and are freely available for anyone to use to improve sharing of the world’s geospatial data.

  7. 7.

    http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/wfs. Accessed May 2018.

  8. 8.

    https://developers.google.com/search/docs/guides/intro-structured-data. Accessed May 2018.

  9. 9.

    http://5stardata.info/en/. Accessed May 2018.

  10. 10.

    Frakes and Baeza-Yates 1992.

  11. 11.

    https://www.itc.nl/. Accessed May 2018.

  12. 12.

    https://itc-giscience.utwente.nl/. Accessed May 2018.

  13. 13.

    https://www.w3.org/XML/. Accessed May 2018.

  14. 14.

    https://www.w3.org/. Accessed May 2018.

  15. 15.

    https://www.iso.org/standard/60101.html. Accessed May 2018.

  16. 16.

    http://www.7-zip.org/. Accessed May 2018.

  17. 17.

    See Chap. 3 of this book.

  18. 18.

    http://www.kadaster.nl. Accessed May 2018.

  19. 19.

    https://brt.basisregistraties.overheid.nl/. Accessed May 2018.

  20. 20.

    https://bag.basisregistraties.overheid.nl/. Accessed May 2018.

  21. 21.

    https://www.pdok.nl/; (English: Public Services on the Map). Accessed May 2018.

  22. 22.

    Eckartz and Folmer 2015.

  23. 23.

    https://www.w3.org/. Accessed May 2018.

  24. 24.

    Berners-Lee et al. 2001.

  25. 25.

    Berners-Lee 2006.

  26. 26.

    https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html. Accessed May 2018.

  27. 27.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/. Accessed May 2018.

  28. 28.

    https://www.w3.org/RDF/. Accessed May 2018.

  29. 29.

    http://brt.basisregistraties.overheid.nl/def/top10nl#. Accessed May 2018.

  30. 30.

    http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#. Accessed May 2018.

  31. 31.

    Janowicz et al. 2014.

  32. 32.

    Bizer et al. 2009a, b.

  33. 33.

    Folmer and Beek 2017.

  34. 34.

    https://datahub.io. Accessed May 2018.

  35. 35.

    Auer et al. 2009.

  36. 36.

    http://platformlinkeddata.nl. Accessed May 2018.

  37. 37.

    http://www.pilod.nl/w/images/3/32/Linked_Data_in_beeld_2014.pdf. Accessed May 2018.

  38. 38.

    Adlan forthcoming.

  39. 39.

    https://www.w3.org/blog/2017/06/possible-future-directions-for-data-on-the-web/. Accessed May 2018.

  40. 40.

    Goodwin et al. 2008.

  41. 41.

    https://ablvienna.wordpress.com/tag/gartner/. Accessed May 2018.

  42. 42.

    http://www.datasciencecentral.com/profiles/blogs/big-data-falls-off-the-hype-cycle. Accessed May 2018.

  43. 43.

    http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/3412017. Accessed May 2018.

  44. 44.

    http://www.w3c.it/talks/2005/openCulture/slide7-0.html. Accessed May 2018.

  45. 45.

    Lemmens et al. 2006.

  46. 46.

    Janowicz et al. 2012.

  47. 47.

    https://geo4web-testbed.github.io/topic4/. Accessed May 2018.

  48. 48.

    Scheider et al. 2012.

  49. 49.

    Marchionini 2006.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), Department of Geo-information Processing (ITC-GIP), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Stanislav Ronzhin & Rob Lemmens

  2. Faculty of Behavioural Management and Social Sciences, Department of Industrial Engineering and Business Information Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

    Erwin Folmer

Authors
  1. Stanislav Ronzhin
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  2. Erwin Folmer
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  3. Rob Lemmens
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Correspondence to Stanislav Ronzhin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Bastiaan van Loenen

  2. Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Glenn Vancauwenberghe

  3. Public Governance Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Joep Crompvoets

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Ronzhin, S., Folmer, E., Lemmens, R. (2018). Technological Aspects of (Linked) Open Data. In: van Loenen, B., Vancauwenberghe, G., Crompvoets, J. (eds) Open Data Exposed. Information Technology and Law Series, vol 30. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_9

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