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One Data Indonesia to Support the Implementation of Open Data in Indonesia

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Open Data Exposed

Part of the book series: Information Technology and Law Series ((ITLS,volume 30))

Abstract

Indonesia has had a decade experience of open government data. Promoting transparency and accountability of government processes was initially the major driver for Open Government Data (OGD) in Indonesia. Under the flag of the Open Government Partnership (OGP), economic development, government efficiency, as well as citizen participation became the more prevalent drivers of the implementation of open government principles.

Agung Indrajit is a Ph.D. candidate at TU Delft, the Netherlands. He was previously active in Spatial Data Infrastructure and Open Spatial Data in Indonesia.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The initial version of The 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia Article 28: “To acknowledge freedom to associate and to assemble, to express opinions in written and oral, or any other means and shall be regulated by law.”

  2. 2.

    Tjiptoherijanto and Rowen 2010.

  3. 3.

    Rifai 2008.

  4. 4.

    The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.

  5. 5.

    Public Information Openness (PIO) Act No. 14 2008.

  6. 6.

    Public Service Act No. 14 2008.

  7. 7.

    PIO Act No. 14 (2008) Article 10:

    1. (1)

      Public Body shall promptly publish information that may impose threats to people’s lives and public order.

    2. (2)

      The obligation to disseminate Public Information as referred to in paragraph (1) shall be carried out in a manner easily accessible by the people and in the language easily understandable.

  8. 8.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  9. 9.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  10. 10.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  11. 11.

    https://news.mongabay.com/2016/03/breakthrough-indonesias-highest-court-orders-release-of-mining-data/. Accessed May 2018.

  12. 12.

    Greenpeace 2016.

  13. 13.

    Public Information Openness (PIO) Regulation No. 61 2010.

  14. 14.

    Public Information Openness (PIO) Regulation No. 61 2010.

  15. 15.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  16. 16.

    Obama 2011.

  17. 17.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  18. 18.

    The secretariat was in the UKP-PPP and now in its successor, the Office of the Presidential Staffs (KSP).

  19. 19.

    See Sect. 13.2.

  20. 20.

    OGI 2012.

  21. 21.

    UKP-PPP 2014.

  22. 22.

    LAPOR! is a mobile and web application to report inappropriate practices of government which was developed in 2012–2013 as part of the first One Government Indonesia Action Plan.

  23. 23.

    BAPPENAS 2015.

  24. 24.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  25. 25.

    The Non Tax State Revenue Act (1997) along with the Government Regulation on Fare and Type of Non Tax State Revenue (2009) mandate ministries and agencies to charge for (the majority of their) data.

  26. 26.

    Bureaucratic procedures are also an issue for the re-use of data within government. In order to share data among government institutions, a bilateral Memorandum of Understanding needs to be signed by the data provider and the data user.

  27. 27.

    See Alonso et al. 2013; UKP-PPP 2014.

  28. 28.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  29. 29.

    Alonso et al. 2013.

  30. 30.

    UKP-PPP 2014.

  31. 31.

    UKP-PPP 2014; see also Maail 2017.

  32. 32.

    For example, in 2014, the Office for President Staff (KSP) acknowledged that fees imposed on public sector information is potentially limiting citizen access to public sector information and hindering data integrity (Pers. Comm. with UKP-PPP 2014).

  33. 33.

    ODI and OGI are part of the Anti-Corruption National Strategy and are included in Presidential Priority Programs (see Presidential Instruction (PI) No. 17 (2011) on National Action for Corruption Prevention and Eradication Year 2012; PI No. 1 (2013) on National Action for Corruption Prevention and Eradication Year 2013; PI No. 2 (2014) on National Action for Corruption Prevention and Eradication Year 2014; PI No. 7 (2015) on National Action for Corruption Prevention and Eradication Year 2015; PI No. 10 (2016) on National Action for Corruption Prevention and Eradication Year 2016; and PI No. 6 (2012) on Provision, Utilization, Quality Control and Dissemination of High Resolution Satellite Imageries).

  34. 34.

    OECD 2016.

  35. 35.

    UKP-PPP 2014.

  36. 36.

    ODI 2014.

  37. 37.

    UKP-PPP 2014.

  38. 38.

    The Steering Committee meets on an ad hoc basis. For example, only in the instance of a national priority program, national urgency or other special circumstances such as a disaster. The meeting will discuss about national data governance, data collecting, data management, dissemination of information and utilization.

  39. 39.

    Presidential Regulation No. 82 (2007) about National Development Planning Agency.

  40. 40.

    Presidential Regulation No. 166 (2000) about Statistics Indonesia.

  41. 41.

    Presidential Regulation No. 94 (2011) about Geospatial Information Agency.

  42. 42.

    ODI 2017a.

  43. 43.

    KSP 2017a; and Presidential Regulation No. 26 (2015) on establishment of the Presidential Staff Office.

  44. 44.

    UKP-PPP 2014.

  45. 45.

    Ministry of Interior 2018.

  46. 46.

    UKP-PPP 2014; and ODI 2017a.

  47. 47.

    See BAPPENAS 2015, 2017; OECD 2016; and ODI 2017b.

  48. 48.

    ODI 2014.

  49. 49.

    BAPPENAS 2017.

  50. 50.

    13 December 2017.

  51. 51.

    The World Wide Web Foundation 2017.

  52. 52.

    BAPPENAS 2015.

  53. 53.

    ODI 2016.

  54. 54.

    OECD 2016.

  55. 55.

    ODI 2017a.

  56. 56.

    Article 23 of ODI draft regulation 2017a.

  57. 57.

    Setiaji in Worldbank 2017.

  58. 58.

    Alonso et al. 2013; and BAPPENAS 2016b.

  59. 59.

    World Bank 2017; and Madjowa et al. 2015.

  60. 60.

    http://www.tanahair.indonesia.go.id.

  61. 61.

    Since 2015 the Geospatial Information Agency provides web-tools enabling the download of most of the basic geospatial information. This action was recognized by the Presidential Staff Office as one of the best practices in implementing open data in Indonesia, and other government institutions were encouraged to follow this example.

  62. 62.

    Presidential Regulation No. 85 (2007) re NSDI.

  63. 63.

    Geospatial Information Act No. 4 (2011).

  64. 64.

    Government Regulation No. 9 (2014) re Implementation of Geospatial Information Act.

  65. 65.

    Presidential Regulation No. 27 (2014) re NSDI (Revision).

  66. 66.

    Presidential Regulation No. 9 (2016) re One Map Policy.

  67. 67.

    Presidential Regulation No. 9 (2016) about One Map Policy.

  68. 68.

    Abidin 2017b.

  69. 69.

    Head of BIG Decree No. 54 (2015).

  70. 70.

    Samadhi 2013.

  71. 71.

    To download the Basic Geospatial Information, users also need to register. Registration is required for collection and analysis of use statistics.

  72. 72.

    BIG 2017a.

  73. 73.

    Abidin 2017a; and BIG 2017b.

  74. 74.

    Suara Pembaruan 2017.

  75. 75.

    Sukmayadi and Indrajit 2012.

  76. 76.

    http://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2018/01/18/editorial-the-unreliability-of-rice-data.html. Accessed May 2018.

  77. 77.

    Open Data Lab 2017.

  78. 78.

    ODI 2017b.

  79. 79.

    Maail 2017.

  80. 80.

    http://data.jakarta.go.id/dataset. Accessed May 2018.

  81. 81.

    http://data.bandung.go.id/dataset. Accessed May 2018.

  82. 82.

    See Gunawan and Amalia 2016.

  83. 83.

    BAPPENAS 2016a.

  84. 84.

    BAPPENAS 2015, 2016b.

  85. 85.

    Abidin 2017b.

  86. 86.

    Indonesia is ranked 123th with US$3300 income per capita per year (The World Wide Web Foundation 2017).

  87. 87.

    Yudhoyono 2014.

  88. 88.

    Prior to his presidency, President Widodo was governor of Jakarta, an open data best practice in Indonesia.

  89. 89.

    OECD 2016.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands

    Agung Indrajit

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  1. Agung Indrajit
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Correspondence to Agung Indrajit .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Bastiaan van Loenen

  2. Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Glenn Vancauwenberghe

  3. Public Governance Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Joep Crompvoets

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Indrajit, A. (2018). One Data Indonesia to Support the Implementation of Open Data in Indonesia. In: van Loenen, B., Vancauwenberghe, G., Crompvoets, J. (eds) Open Data Exposed. Information Technology and Law Series, vol 30. T.M.C. Asser Press, The Hague. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-261-3_13

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