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Abstract

According to Yorke (2003) and Black and Wiliam (1998) formative assessment occurs during instruction in order to provide feedback while the student takes part in the learning activity rather than at the end of the learning activity. This can provide feedback to students about their current performance so they might make changes in their study techniques or seek additional help that will positively impact their academic achievement.

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References

  • Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998). Assessment and classroom learning. Assessment in Education, 5(1), 7-74.

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  • Cowie, B., & Bell, B. (1999). A model of formative assessment in science education. Assessment in Education, 6(1), 101-116.

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  • Rushton, A. (2005). Formative assessment: A key to deep learning? Medical Teacher, 27(6), 509-513.

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  • Yorke, M. (2003). Formative assessment in higher education: moves towards theory and the enhancement of pedagogic practice. Higher Education, 45(4), 477-501.

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McComas, W.F. (2014). Formative Assessment. In: McComas, W.F. (eds) The Language of Science Education. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-497-0_40

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