Abstract
The expansion of primary and secondary schooling in Tanzania during the past decade has had numerous positive benefits for Tanzanian children and communities. Through initiatives like the Primary and Secondary Education Programmes (PEDP and SEDP), which have been discussed in previous chapters, enrollment rates have risen and government-sponsored “ward schools” now provide more opportunities for secondary schooling. At the secondary level alone, the participation rate has increased from a net enrollment ratio of 5.9 percent in 2004 to 27.8 percent in 2009 (Ministry of Education and Vocational Training [MOEVT] 2010b).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Abosi, Okey. (2007). “Educating Children with Learning Disabilities in Africa.” Learning Disabilities Research & Practice, 22(3), 196–201.
Ainscow, Mel, & Susie Miles. (2008). “Making Education for All Inclusive: Where Next?” Prospects, 38, 15–34.
Ametepee, Lawrence, & Morgan Chitiyo. (2009). “What We Know about Autism in Africa: A Brief Research Synthesis.” The Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 10(1), 11–13.
Brimfield, Renee, Frank Masci, & Denise DeFiore. (2002). “Differentiating Instruction to Teach All Learners.” Middle School Journal, 33(3), 14–18.
Charema, John. (2007). “From Special Schools to Inclusive Education: The Way Forward for Developing Countries South of the Sahara.” The Journal of the International Association of Special Education, 8(1), 88–97.
Chimedza, Robert. (2008). “Disability and Inclusive Education in Zimbabwe.” In Len Barton and Felicity Armstrong (Ed.), Policy, Experience and Change: Cross-Cultural Reflections on Inclusive Education (pp. 123–132). London: Springer Science+Business Media.
Eklindh, Kenneth, & Jill Van den Brule-Balescut. (2006). “The Right to Education for Persons with Disabilities: Reflecting on UNESCO’s Role from Salamanca to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.” In Hannu Savolainen, Marja Matero, & Heikki Kokkala (Ed.), All Means All: Experiences in Three African Countries with EFA and Children with Disabilities (pp. 19–38). Helsinki: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland.
Giangreco, Michael. (1997). “Key Lessons Learned about Inclusive Education: Summary of the 1996 Schonell Memorial Lecture.” International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 44(3), 193–206.
HakiElimu. (2008). Do Children with Disabilities Have Access to Education? A Research Report on Accessibility to Education for Children with Disabilities in Tanzanian Schools. Dar es Salaam: HakiElimu.
Hutton, Ronald Stewart. (2008). Enhancing Teacher Learning in Inclusion. PhD diss., Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Kett, Maria, Raymond Lang, & Jean-Francois Trani. (2009). “Disability, Development and the Dawning of a New Convention: A Cause for Optimism.” Journal of International Development, 21(5), 649–661.
Katz, Jennifer, & Pat Mirenda. (2002). “Including Students with Developmental Disabilities in General Education Classrooms: Educational Benefits.” International Journal of Special Education, 17(2), 14–25.
Kisanji, Joseph. (1993). “Special Education in Africa.” In Peter, Mittler, Ron Brouillette, and Duncan Harris (Ed.), World Yearbook of Education 1993: Special Needs Education (pp. 158–172). London: Kogan Page.
Kisanji, Joseph. (1995). “Attitudes and Beliefs about Disability in Tanzania.” In Brian O’Toole and Roy McConkey (Ed.), Innovations in Developing Countries for People with Disabilities (pp. 51–70). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.
Lawrence-Brown, Diana. (2004). “Differentiated Instruction: Inclusive Strategies for Standards-Based Learning that Benefit the Whole Class.” American Secondary Education, 32(3), 34–62.
Lewin, Keith. (1992). Science Education in Developing Countries: Issues and Perspectives for Planners. Paris: International Institute for Educational Planning, UNESCO.
Mbwilo, G., Bibbi Smide, & Clara Aarts. (2010). “Family Perceptions in Caring for Children and Adolescents with Mental Disabilities: A Qualitative Study from Tanzania.” Tanzania Journal of Health Research, 12(2), 1–12.
Miles, Susie, & Nidhi Singal. (2010). “The Education for All and Inclusive Education Debate: Conflict, Contradiction or Opportunity?” International Journal of Inclusive Education, 14(1), 1–15.
Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (MOEVT). (2006). Primary Education Development Programme II (2007–2011). Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Education and Vocational Training.
MOEVT. (2010a). Basic Education Statistics in Tanzania (2006–2010): Revised National Data. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Education and Vocational Training.
MOEVT. (2010b). Secondary Education Development Programme II, July 2010–June 2015. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Education and Vocational Training.
MOEVT. (2007). Physics Syllabus for Ordinary Secondary Education – Form I–IV. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Institute of Education.
MOEVT Mainland and MOEVT Zanzibar. (2008). The Development of Education: National Report on the United Republic of Tanzania. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Education and Vocational Training Mainland and Ministry of Education and Vocational Training Zanzibar.
Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports. (2004). National Policy on Disability. Dar es Salaam: Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports.
Mittler, Peter. (2000). Working Towards Inclusive Education: Social Contexts. London: David Fulton Publishers.
Mont, Daniel. (2007). “Measuring Disability Prevalence.” Social Protection Discussion Paper No. 0706. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
National Bureau of Statistics. (2009). Tanzania 2008 Disability Survey Report. Dar es Salaam: United Republic of Tanzania.
Oakes, Jeannie. (1987). “Tracking in Secondary Schools: A Contextual Perspective.” Educational Psychologist, 22(2), 129–153.
Okkolin, Mari-Anne, Elina Lehtomäki, & Eustella Bhalalusesa. (2010). “The Successful Education Sector Development in Tanzania—Comment on Gender Balance and Inclusive Education.” Gender and Education, 22(1), 63–71.
Open University of Tanzania. (2010). Prospectus 2010/2011. Dar es Salaam: Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic). Available online at: http://www.out.ac.tz/announcements/2010%202011%20Prospectus.pdf.
Parnes, Penny, Debra Cameron, Nancy Christie, Lynne Cockburn, Goli Hashemi, & Karen Yoshida. (2009). “Disability in Low-Income Countries: Issues and Implications.” Disability and Rehabilitation, 31(14), 1170–1180.
Patandi Teachers’ College of Special Needs Education. (n.d.). “Courses Offered.” Available online at: http://patanditc.tripod.com/index.html.
Peters, Susan. (2003). “Inclusive Education: Achieving Education for All by Including Those with Disabilities and Special Education Needs.” Report prepared for the Disability Group. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Polat, Filiz. (2011). “Inclusion in Education: A Step Towards Social Justice.” International Journal of Educational Development, 31(1), 50-58.
Sebastian Kolowa University College. (2011). “Prospectus 2011–2012.” The United Republic of Tanzania: Vuga Publishing House. Available online at: http://sekuco.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=143&Itemid=72.
Stainback, Susan, & William Stainback. (1992). Curriculum Considerations in Inclusive Classrooms Facilitating Learning for All Students. Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brooks Publishing.
Tanzania Education Network/Mtandao wa Elimu Tanzania (TEN/MET). (2007). Strengthening Education in Tanzania: CSO Contribution to the Education Sector Review. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Education Network.
Tomlinson, Carol Ann. (2001). How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms. 2nd ed. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Tomlinson, Carol Ann, & Cindy Strickland. (2005). Differentiation in Practice: A Resource Guide for Differentiating Curriculum—Grades 9–12. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
UNESCO. (1994). The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education. Paris: UNESCO.
United Nations. (2006). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. UN Doc. A/61/611, New York, 13 Dec.
United Republic of Tanzania. (2007). “Poverty Alleviation, HIV and AIDS Education and Inclusive Education: Priority Issues for Inclusive Quality Education in Eastern and Western Sub Saharan Africa.” Paper presented at the Regional Seminar, Nairobi, Kenya, 23 – 27 July.
United Republic of Tanzania. (2004). Employment and Labour Relations Act No. 6 of 2004. Dar es Salaam: United Republic of Tanzania.
United Republic of Tanzania. (2010). Persons with Disabilities Act, No. 9 of 2010. Parliament of United Republic of Tanzania.
University of Dodoma. (2010). “College of Education.” Available online at: http://www.udom.ac.tz/Current_Students/education_programmes.php.
World Health Organization and The World Bank. (2011). World Report on Disability. Malta: World Health Organization.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Sense Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rugambwa, A., Thomas, M.A.M. (2013). Teachers’ Conceptualizations and Practices of Inclusion. In: Teaching in Tension. Pittsburgh Studies in Comparative and International Education, vol 1. SensePublishers, Rotterdam. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-224-2_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-224-2_7
Publisher Name: SensePublishers, Rotterdam
Online ISBN: 978-94-6209-224-2
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)