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Taurine 10 pp 107–117Cite as

Taurine Alleviate Hexabromocyclododecane-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 975))

Abstract

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a widely used brominated flame retardant. Its adverse effects on brain had been observed. Taurine, a sulfur amino acid, take part in many brain physiological functions and exhibits protective effects on a variety of detrimental situations. In this paper, we explored the protections of taurine on cytotoxicity induced by HBCD in PC12 cells. PC12 cells were pretreated with taurine (1 mM, 3 mM and 9 mM) for 30 min before 10 μM HBCD treatment for 24 h. Then, the cell survival was assayed by the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and trypan blue dyeing method. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated with a fluorescence microplate reader using the non-fluorescent probe 2′7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) and the fluorescent cationic dyestuff Rhodamine 123 (Rh 123), respectively. Further, the activity of many antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the content of glutathione (GSH) were tested by kits. Our results displayed that taurine significantly decreased the cell death induced by HBCD, prevented ROS production and disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and reversed the decline of SOD, CAT, GPx activity and GSH content induced by HBCD. These results suggested that taurine could alleviate cytotoxicity induced by HBCD in PC12 cells through inhibition of oxidative stress.

$These authors contributed equally to the work.

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Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

DCFH-DA:

2′7′- dichlorofluorescin diacetate

GPx:

Glutathione peroxidase

GSH:

Glutathione

HBCD:

Hexabromocyclododecane

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

MMP:

Mitochondrial membrane potential

Rh 123:

Rhodamine 123

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81102828, 81273037), the natural science foundation of Liaoning province of China (No. 201023054) and the natural science foundation of Shandong province of China (No. 2015ZRB14548).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

      Lu Liu, Lianying Guo, Ning Fan & Yan Li

    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China

      Xizhe Xie

    3. School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 Western Section of Lushun South Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China

      Yachen Li

    4. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China

      Xiuli Zhang

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    1. Lu Liu
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    Correspondence to Yachen Li or Xiuli Zhang .

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    Editors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Life Sciences, University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea

      Dong-Hee Lee  & Ha Won Kim  & 

    2. College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA

      Stephen W. Schaffer

    3. Department of Developmental Neurobiology, NY State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, USA

      Eunkyue Park

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    Liu, L. et al. (2017). Taurine Alleviate Hexabromocyclododecane-Induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells via Inhibiting Oxidative Stress. In: Lee, DH., Schaffer, S.W., Park, E., Kim, H.W. (eds) Taurine 10. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 975. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_10

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